我国水资源利用效率和节水潜力

发布时间：2018-05-29 13:32

本文选题：用水效率 + 节水潜力　；参考：《水利水电科技进展》2015年03期

【摘要】：为分析我国水资源利用效率和节水潜力,以海河流域为参照地区,基于1999年、2002年和2007年全国和海河流域水利投入占用产出表,通过比较全国和海河流域分部门的用水效率,建立了分部门节水潜力的计算模型,并应用该模型计算了全国相对海河流域生产部门中分三次产业和分51部门及消费部门中居民部门的节水潜力。计算结果表明:全国相对海河流域的总节水潜力在1999—2007年期间不断扩大;全国第一产业和第二产业中的工业部门相对海河流域的节水潜力较大,第二产业中的建筑业和第三产业相对海河流域的节水潜力较小;全国居民部门相对海河流域的节水潜力主要体现在农村居民部门,城镇居民部门相对海河流域的节水潜力为负。从细分的51部门来看,除农业部门以外,全国相对海河流域节水潜力较大的部门主要有电力及蒸汽热水生产和供应业(不含水电)、化学工业、金属冶炼及压延加工业、造纸印刷及文教用品制造业、食品制造及烟草加工业等。
[Abstract]:In order to analyze the utilization efficiency and water saving potential of water resources in China, taking the Haihe River Basin as the reference area, based on the input-occupation and output tables of water resources in the whole country and the Haihe River basin in 1999, 2002 and 2007, the paper compares the water use efficiency between the whole country and the sub-departments of the Haihe River basin. A model for calculating the water saving potential of different sectors is established, and the water saving potential of the production departments of the relative Haihe River basin in China is calculated by using the model, which is divided into three industries, one in the 51 sectors and the other in the resident sector in the consumer sector. The results show that the total water-saving potential of the whole country is expanding continuously in the period of 1999-2007, and the industrial sector in the primary and secondary industries has a greater water-saving potential than that in the Haihe River basin. The water saving potential of the construction industry and the tertiary industry in the secondary industry is smaller than that of the Haihe River basin, while the water saving potential of the national resident sector is mainly reflected in the rural residents' sector, and the urban sector is negative relative to the Haihe river basin. In terms of the 51 subdivisions, in addition to the agricultural sector, the major sectors in the country with relatively large water saving potential relative to the Haihe River Basin are the production and supply of electricity and steam hot water (excluding hydropower, chemical industry, metal smelting and calender processing industries). Paper printing, cultural and educational products manufacturing, food manufacturing and tobacco processing industry.
【作者单位】：中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(71173210,70701034)
【分类号】：TV213.4

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