山西省粮食生产发展特征及土地资源限制性研究

发布时间：2018-08-31 17:52

【摘要】：基于山西省1949—2012年人口、耕地和粮食产量数据,以人粮关系为核心,构建土地资源限制性模型,从省、市、县三个不同尺度全面分析了山西省粮食发展特征及土地资源对人口分布的影响。结果表明:(1)县级尺度上,2003—2012年粮食盈余地区在增加,不受土地资源承载力限制的县级单元由42.1%增至65%,人口超载的地区减少,其中,超载地区大部分位于山西省晋北地区,晋南地区的土地资源限制度较小,粮食盈余地区所占比例较大,中部地区偏向于人粮平衡。(2)市级尺度上,土地资源承载力以人粮平衡和土地超载为基本特征,2012年与2003年相比全省粮食盈余市级地区增加,土地超载地区减少;(3)全省尺度上,建国初期土地承载力指数整体大于1.13,土地处于超载状态。近十年间人口分布的土地资源限制度从27.2下降到11.8,土地资源限制度降低,人粮关系好转。总体来说,2012年的土地资源限制与2003年相比有很大程度的降低,土地超载的地区减少,人粮关系趋向改善,粮食盈余地区增加。
[Abstract]:Based on the population, cultivated land and grain yield data of Shanxi Province from 1949 to 2012, and taking the human-grain relationship as the core, a restricted model of land resources is constructed from provinces and municipalities. The characteristics of grain development and the influence of land resources on population distribution in Shanxi Province were analyzed in three different scales. The results are as follows: (1) on the county scale, the grain surplus areas are increasing from 2003 to 2012, the number of county units which are not restricted by the carrying capacity of land resources increases from 42.1% to 65, and the number of overloaded areas decreases, among which, most of the overloaded areas are located in the north of Shanxi Province. In the south of Shanxi Province, land resources are restricted to a small degree, the proportion of grain surplus areas is larger, and the central region tends to balance the population and grain. (2) on the municipal scale, The basic characteristics of land resources carrying capacity are human grain balance and land overload. Compared with 2003, the grain surplus of the whole province increased in the city level and decreased in the land overload area in 2012. (3) on the scale of the whole province, At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the land carrying capacity index was more than 1.13, and the land was overloaded. In recent ten years, the land resource restriction degree of population distribution decreased from 27.2 to 11.8, and the land resource restriction degree decreased, and the relationship between human and grain improved. On the whole, compared with 2003, the land resource restriction in 2012 has been greatly reduced, the land overloading area has decreased, the relationship between people and grain has tended to improve, and the grain surplus areas have increased.
【作者单位】：山西师范大学生命科学学院;中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心;山西省农业科学院小麦研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学面上基金“农田土壤磁化率与微量金属含量相关性及空间格局研究”(31272258)
【分类号】：F326.11;F301.2

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