羌族“释比”与彝族“毕摩”的比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 11:47

本文关键词：羌族“释比”与彝族“毕摩”的比较研究　出处：《敦煌学辑刊》2012年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国西南的羌族与彝族都有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化,在民族起源与发展上有着共同的历史源头和密切的文化联系,两个民族均属汉藏语系藏缅语族,都是古羌人后裔,其独具特色的传统宗教都以信仰鬼神、崇拜祖先、注重仪式、巫祭杂糅等为基本内容,并且都受到外来宗教文化的影响。羌族"释比"和彝族"毕摩"都是专门从事宗教活动、处理人们信仰事务的宗教神职人员,他们对各自社会起一定的影响作用,渗透于本民族生产、生活、社会、文化的各个方面,有其极高的地位。因而,二者有诸多共同点和相似性,同时,各自也有其特点。此文试从称谓与历史源流、主要职能、宗教活动与传承惯制及经书等诸多方面,对"释比"与"毕摩"进行比较研究,希望能促进西南少数民族宗教文化这一领域的研究,有助于对民族宗教学的全面了解。
[Abstract]:The Qiang and Yi ethnic groups in southwest China have a long history and rich culture, and have a common historical source and close cultural relationship in the origin and development of the nation. The two ethnic groups belong to the Tibetan-Burmese language family of Chinese and Tibetan languages. Are the descendants of the ancient Qiang people, their unique traditional religion to believe in ghosts and gods, worship ancestors, pay attention to rituals, sorcery, and so on as the basic content. Both Qiang "Shibi" and Yi "Bimo" are religious clergy who specialize in religious activities and handle people's religious affairs. They have a certain influence on their own society, infiltrating into the production, life, society, culture of the various aspects of their very high status. Therefore, they have a lot of common ground and similarity, at the same time. Each also has its own characteristics. This article tries to compare "Shi bi" and "Bimo" from the aspects of appellation and historical origin, main functions, religious activities and inheritance, as well as classics and other aspects. It is hoped that the study in the field of religious culture of ethnic minorities in southwest China will contribute to the comprehensive understanding of religious education of ethnic minorities.
【作者单位】：四川大学
【分类号】：C95
【正文快照】： “释比”和“毕摩”都是专门从事宗教活动、处理人们信仰事务的宗教神职人员,是各自社会生活中不可或缺的重要人物。“释比”,即羌族人们常称的巫师或祭司,他们熟知本民族的社会历史和神话传说,会唱诵经咒,会民间歌舞乃至戏曲表演,专司宗教祭祀、巫术法事和行医治病的活动。

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