论我国监察制度的完善

发布时间：2018-05-24 11:57

本文选题：监察 + 反腐败　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：工业革命以来,随着经济和社会的发展,政府权力日渐膨胀,对社会生活的干预不断加深。政府逐渐从维护社会秩序、公民权利的“守夜人”演变为公共利益的管理者和公共服务的提供者。随之,公共领域中的铺张浪费、权力滥用、贪污腐败、效率低下、政府信任下降等问题大量出现。为了加强对公权力的监督和制约,世界各国都致力于探索建立有效的监督制度。目前,多数国家普遍采用的是各具特色的监察制度,如监察专员制度、监审合一制度、司法监察制度等,我国目前施行的行政监察制度也是其中之一。我国现行的行政监察制度成型于20世纪90年代,随着改革开放的不断深入、经济社会的不断发展,其在制度上、体制上暴露出许多亟待解决的问题。因此,2016年11月,中共中央在北京、浙江、山西三个省市开展了建立监察委员会的改革试点。试图整合现有的主要公权力监督力量建立监察委员会,作为国家法律层面统一的公权力监督机关及反腐败机构,实现从行政监察向国家监察的转变。本文采取了调查研究法、文献研究法、比较分析法等多种方法。在对我国历史上的监察制度和世界上反腐败状况良好国家的监察制度进行比较借鉴的基础上,研究了我国现行监察制度的疏漏和不足,并进一步分析了我国现阶段监察委员会试点工作中存在的问题。最后,从监察工作的实效性角度出发,系统的提出了建立健全我国监察委员会制度的一些列建议,将我国的监察委员会制度从蓝图概念完善成为主要制度明晰、设计科学、可操作性强的具体制度体系。希望能对我国监察委员会的建立、运行有所助益。全文除引言外共有四部分。第一部分,阐述分析了监察制度的基本理论,介绍我国古代监察制度的发展脉络,总结了其经验得失,以为今鉴;第二部分,通过比较分析具有代表性的域外国家与我国香港地区监察制度的特点,为研究我国的监察制度提供启示;第三部分,对我国现行的监察制度进行了阐述,剖析了其存在的问题及原因。同时,对我国监察委员会试点情况进行了介绍,研究了试点工作中暴露出来的新旧制度衔接与整合中存在的问题;第四部分,围绕设立监察委员会制度,研究提出完善其制度体系的建议和对策。
[Abstract]:Since the Industrial Revolution, with the development of economy and society, government power has been expanding day by day, and the interference in social life has been deepened. The government has gradually changed from the "night-watchman" who maintains social order and civil rights to the manager of public interest and the provider of public service. As a result, problems such as extravagance and waste, abuse of power, corruption, inefficiency, and government trust in the public sphere appear in large numbers. In order to strengthen the supervision and restriction of public power, countries all over the world devote themselves to exploring the establishment of effective supervision system. At present, most countries generally adopt different supervisory systems, such as the supervisory commissioner system, the system of integrating supervision and trial, the system of judicial supervision, and so on. The administrative supervision system currently implemented in our country is also one of them. The current administrative supervision system of our country was formed in the 1990s. With the deepening of the reform and opening up and the development of the economy and society, its system has exposed many problems to be solved urgently. Therefore, in November 2016, the CPC Central Committee launched a pilot reform of the establishment of supervisory committees in three provinces and cities of Beijing, Zhejiang and Shanxi. Attempts to integrate the existing main public power supervision forces to establish the supervisory committee, as the national legal level unified public power supervision organ and the anti-corruption organization, realizes the transformation from the administrative supervision to the state supervision. This paper adopts many methods, such as investigation, literature research, comparative analysis and so on. On the basis of comparing the supervisory system in the history of our country with that of the countries with good anti-corruption situation in the world, this paper studies the omissions and shortcomings of the present supervisory system in our country. And further analyzed the existing problems in the pilot work of the supervisory committee in our country at the present stage. Finally, from the point of view of the effectiveness of the supervision work, this paper systematically puts forward some suggestions to establish and perfect the supervisory committee system of our country, and perfect the supervisory committee system of our country from the concept of blueprint to the main system clarity and scientific design. The concrete system with strong maneuverability. It is hoped that it will be helpful to the establishment and operation of the supervisory committee of our country. In addition to the introduction, the full text has four parts. The first part expounds the basic theory of the supervision system, introduces the development of the ancient supervision system in China, summarizes its experience and gain and loss, and the second part, Through the comparative analysis of the characteristics of representative extraterritorial countries and Hong Kong region supervision system in China, it provides enlightenment for the study of our country's supervision system. The third part, expounds the current supervision system of our country. The existing problems and reasons are analyzed. At the same time, it introduces the pilot situation of China's supervisory committee, and studies the problems in the connection and integration of the new and old systems exposed in the pilot work. Part four, focusing on the establishment of the supervisory committee system, The paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to perfect its system.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D262.6

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