抗战时期中共南方局青年宣传工作探究

发布时间：2018-11-02 08:29

【摘要】：1938年9月至11月召开的中国共产党六届六中全会,根据形势的变化与需要,决定撤销武汉长江局,成立中原局和南方局。1939年1月,南方局正式成立。由于当时国民党不允许中共党组织在国统区公开活动,因而南方局秘密设于公开的八路军驻重庆办事处内。南方局自成立之日起,高举党的抗日民族统一战线的旗帜,充分发挥着党在国统区的核心领导作用。青年具有强烈的革命性,是民族解放斗争的先锋,更是工农民众的宣传者和组织者。抗日战争时期,青年在国破家亡、山河不保的民族危机刺激下,爆发出了惊人的能量。中共中央南方局充分认识到形势复杂的国统区青年所潜在的强大的力量,通过形式多样的宣传方式和舆论导向,调动青年的积极性,团结广大青年,在国统区建立了较为广泛的青年统一战线,为国统区党的事业的顺利开展,为中华民族的独立解放做出了重要的贡献。抗战时期,中共中央南方局的青年宣传工作能够取得显著的成效,一方面是由于抗日战争中成长起来的青年普遍地具有强烈的爱国热情,具有崇高的历史使命感和时代责任感;另一方面则是中共中央南方局在开展青年宣传工作的时候,始终“贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众”,善于发现并准确把握青年的特点,注重宣传的方式方法。在这一过程中青年党员和进步分子充分发挥模范带头作用,言传身教,身先示范,以实际行动宣传鼓舞了很多人。目前,学术界对于抗战时期中共中央南方局青年宣传工作的研究并不多。因此,初步系统研究南方局青年宣传工作,可以抛砖引玉,引起广大学者对南方局青年宣传工作的关注和重视,并且对新时期进一步做好青年宣传工作和高校大学生宣传思想政治教育工作具有积极作用。因此本文的研究具有重要理论价值和现实意义。本文从四个方面对中共南方局的青年宣传工作进行了初步系统的探究。第一部分,分析了抗战时期南方局开展青年宣传工作的历史背景。在抗日战争爆发,全民族抗日高潮兴起的大的历史背景下,一方面,国民党加紧对进步青年的控制与迫害:破坏进步青年组织,禁止进步青年运动,加紧迫害进步青年,方法层出不穷,此外还加强思想控制,钳制进步思想,给中国共产党对广大青年的宣传和领导带来极大的干扰和破坏;而另一方面,中共中央南方局正确认识青年在抗战中的作用以及国民党对青年思想控制的恶劣影响,重视对青年的宣传、动员和组织工作。为此,中共中央南方局成立了青年工作委员会,全面负责国统区的青年宣传工作。第二部分,通过对史料的搜集与整理,归纳总结了中共南方局对青年开展宣传工作的基本过程和主要内容。以皖南事变作为重要的历史节点,可以将南方局的青年宣传工作分为三个阶段。1939年1月南方局成立至1941年1月6日皖南事变爆发为第一阶段。1941年1月6日到1943年底的三年时间为第二阶段。1944年初至抗战胜利为第三阶段。抗战时期南方局的青年宣传工作内容丰富且针对性极强。团结抗战政策,是贯穿抗战时期南方局青年宣传工作的全过程的重要内容。皖南事变前后,南方局大力宣传“三勤”方针,指导国统区青年在民主革命低潮中学习工作、生活和斗争。1944年起,南方局开始宣传知识青年下乡主张,动员青年奔赴农村和解放区;宣传民主团结方针,推动了青年民主运动的蓬勃发展。第三部分,归纳了南方局青年宣传工作的特点及其取得的成效。抗战时期中共中央南方局的宣传工作别具一格:宣传方式灵活多样,公开与秘密、合法与非法相结合;宣传对象以青年学生为主,兼顾各方青年;宣传内容针对性强,因人而异对症下药;宣传工具坚强有力,党媒发挥核心作用。抗战时期南方局的青年宣传工作成效显著,建立和巩固了青年统一战线,营造了国统区良好的抗战氛围;保存并发展了青年力量,推动了国统区抗日民主运动蓬勃发展;培养和锻炼了青年干部,为中国共产党领导夺取民主革命的胜利准备了后备力量。第四部分,总结了南方局青年宣传工作的历史经验以及对当代青年宣传工作的重要启示。南方局青年宣传工作的历史经验是:准确把握青年群体的动态特点是宣传工作顺利开展的前提条件;灵活多样的宣传形式是青年宣传工作取得成效的重要途径;党的正确领导是青年宣传工作取得成效的重要保证。南方局青年宣传工作的宝贵经验给当代青年宣传工作以重要的启示:青年宣传工作是一项常抓常新的工作,我们应当以史为鉴,对青年宣传工作予以高度的重视。坚守宣传阵地,巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位;创新宣传方式,充分利用新媒体进行宣传教育、服务青年,适应青年的特点需求;注重发挥青年党员在青年宣传工作中的模范作用。总结抗战时期中共中央南方局青年宣传工作的历史经验及现实启示有助于在新的历史时期实现党对青年的宣传引导;有助于为党和民族的事业提供人才准备,有助于早日实现中华民族伟大复兴的“中国梦”。
[Abstract]:The Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Communist Party of China, held from September to November 1938, decided to withdraw the Wuhan Yangtze River Bureau and set up the Central Plains Bureau and the Bureau of Commerce in accordance with the changes and needs of the situation. In January 1939, the Bureau of the Communist Party of China officially established. Since the Kuomintang did not allow Party organizations of the Communist Party of China to make public activities in the Kuomintang areas at that time, the Communist Party of China (CPC) was secretly set up in the office of the Eighth Route Army in Chongqing. Since its establishment, the Communist Party of China holds high the banner of the Party's anti-Japanese national united front, giving full play to the Party's core leadership role in the Kuomintang areas. Youth has a strong revolutionary, is the vanguard of the struggle, is also the propagandists and organizers of the people. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, the youth broke out a striking energy under the stimulus of the national crisis that the nation broke down and the mountain river was not insured. The Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is fully aware of the potential powerful force of the young people in the country with complex situation, through various forms of publicity and guidance, the mobilization of young people's enthusiasm, the unity of the young people, and the establishment of a broader youth united front in the Kuomintang areas. It has made an important contribution to the independence and liberation of the Chinese nation for the smooth development of the Party's cause. During the Anti-Japanese War, the youth propaganda work of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was able to achieve remarkable achievements, on the one hand, because the young people who grew up in the War of Resistance Against Japan generally have a strong patriotic enthusiasm, and have lofty historical sense of life and the responsibility of the times; On the other hand, the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, when carrying out youth propaganda work, always" Close to reality, close to life, close to the masses. "It is good at finding and accurately grasping the characteristics of young people and paying attention to the way of publicity. In this process, young and middle-aged party members and progressives fully play the leading role of the model and teach the body first, and promote a lot of people in practical action. At present, the academic circles have little research on youth propaganda work of the CPC Central Committee of the Communist Party of China during the Anti-Japanese War. Therefore, the preliminary system studies the youth propaganda work of the Youth Bureau, can throw up the jade, cause the scholars to pay attention to and pay attention to the youth propaganda work of the bureau, and also play an active role in the youth propaganda work and the ideological and political education work of college students in the new period. Therefore, the research of this paper has important theoretical value and practical significance. This paper probes into the youth propaganda work of the Communist Party of China (CPC) from four aspects. The first part analyzes the historical background of the youth propaganda work carried out by the Anti-Japanese War Bureau during the Anti-Japanese War. Against the backdrop of the great historical background of the emergence of the anti-Japanese war and the upsurge of the anti-Japanese upsurge of the whole nation, on the one hand, the Kuomintang stepped up the control and persecution of progressive youth: the destruction of progressive youth organizations, the prohibition of progressive youth movement, the intensification of the persecution of progressive youth, and the emergence of methods. On the other hand, the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China correctly understood the role of youth in the War of Resistance and the bad influence of the Kuomintang on the control of young people's thought. Pay attention to the propaganda, mobilization and organization of youth. To this end, the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) established the Youth Work Committee, which is fully responsible for the youth propaganda work in the State Department. In the second part, through the collection and arrangement of historical materials, this paper sums up the basic process and main contents of the propaganda work of the Communist Party of China (CPC) on youth. As an important historical node in the Southern Anhui Incident, It can be divided into three stages: the first phase of the Southern Anhui Incident of January 6, 1941. The three-year period from Jan. 6, 1941 to the end of 1943 was the second stage. The victory of early 1944 to the Anti-Japanese War was the third stage. The youth propaganda work of the Anti-Japanese War Bureau of the Anti-Japanese War is rich in content and strong in pertinence. The policy of unity and resistance is an important part of the whole process of youth propaganda work throughout the Anti-Japanese War. Before and after the Southern Anhui Incident, the Bureau of the People's Republic of China vigorously promoted" Three Qin "The policy is to guide the young people in the Kuomintang areas to learn about their work, life and struggle in the low tide of the democratic revolution. In 1944, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs began to publicize the idea of the young people of intellectual youth, mobilize the young people to go to the countryside and the countryside, publicize the policy of democratic unity, and promote the vigorous development of the young people's democratic revolution. The third part sums up the characteristics of youth propaganda work and its achievements. The propaganda work of the CPC Central Committee of the Communist Party of China during the Anti-Japanese War is unique: the propaganda mode is flexible and diversified, the public and the secret, the legal and the illegal are combined; the propaganda object mainly takes the young students as the main, and takes into account the youth of all parties; and the propaganda content is strong and specific to the symptoms and symptoms; The propaganda tools are strong and Party media plays a central role. During the Anti-Japanese War, the youth propaganda work of the Bureau of the Anti-Japanese War was established, established and consolidated the youth united front, created a good atmosphere of resistance to the war of resistance of the Kuomintang, preserved and developed the youth power, promoted the vigorous development of the anti-Japanese democracy in the Kuomintang areas, cultivated and exercised the youth cadres, The victory of the Communist Party of China for the victory of the democratic revolution prepared the power of the Communist Party of China. The fourth part summarizes the historical experience of the youth propaganda work of the Bureau of Youth and the important enlightenment to the propaganda work of the contemporary youth. The historical experience of the youth propaganda work of the Youth Bureau is to accurately grasp the dynamic characteristics of the youth population as the precondition for the smooth work of the propaganda work, and the flexible and diverse propaganda form is an important way to achieve the effectiveness of the youth propaganda work; The correct leadership of the Party is an important guarantee for the success of the youth propaganda work. The valuable experience of the youth publicity work of the Youth Bureau has given the contemporary youth propaganda work an important enlightenment: the youth propaganda work is a constant and new job, and we should take history as a guide, and attach great importance to the propaganda work of young people. Stick to the propaganda position, strengthen the guiding position of Marxism in the field of ideology, innovate and publicize the mode, make full use of the new media to carry out publicity and education, serve youth, adapt to the characteristics of youth, and pay attention to the role of young party members in the youth propaganda work. To sum up the historical experience and practical enlightenment of the youth propaganda work of the CPC Central Committee of the Communist Party of China during the Anti-Japanese War, it helps to guide the Party's propaganda and guidance to the youth in the new historical period, and helps to provide talents for the cause of the Party and the nation, which will contribute to the early realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation Chinese Dream.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D231

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