湖南省安化县农村人民公社化运动研究
发布时间：2019-03-12 16:34
【摘要】：1958年8月,伴随着社会主义建设总路线的提出和“大跃进”运动如火如荼的进行,全国农村人民公社化运动也迅速地开展起来。作为一场覆盖极其广泛的社会政治运动,它是党和国家在特定历史条件下对社会主义建设道路的一次探索,引发了中国农村社会的巨大变革,影响极其深远。在全国一片“人民公社好”的呼声中,湖南省安化县农村人民公社化运动也轰轰烈烈地发动起来。本文以安化县农村人民公社化运动为研究对象,运用原始档案资料,力求较为全面地展示安化县农村人民公社化运动的起因、过程、实现及影响,以求从中得出一定启示。本文第一章研究安化县农村人民公社化运动的兴起。通过对运动的时代背景和社会基础的考查,发现与河南等地农民自发并社不同,作为山区的安化县,因为居住的分散,习俗、口音等因素的不同,这里的集体化意愿不如平原地区强烈,所以这里的农村人民公社运动是县委顺应国家大环境,通过政策引导发起的。县委先是对如何办公社进行了规划,然后在一个乡进行试点,搭公社架子,进行广泛宣传发动,办起第一个公社,再通过这个公社的示范作用,让公社化运动在全县铺开,25个人民公社几乎转瞬之间就搭建起来。第二章对农村人民公社在安化县初步建立以后的各项制度和在这些制度下开展的各项生产运动进行研究。先是阐述了安化县的农村人民公社采用的组织架构,生产资料的所有制,以及经营管理、分配、生活与福利制度。接着考察在当时这种公社直达社员的紧密架构中,大炼钢铁、大办水利建设、大办农业等大兵团式的生产建设运动是如何进行的。第三章则对安化县在农村人民公社化运动之后出现的问题以及如何按照中央、省委的指示进行调整进行介绍,对“五风”在安化县农村人民公社化运动期间如何肆虐做了详细的呈现,并分析了出现这些问题的原因。第四章论述农村人民公社化运动给安化人民在生活、生产上带来的影响,以及运动对当今经济社会发展的启示。回顾安化县农村人民公社化运动,我们应作客观公正的评价。在充分肯定广大人民群众敢闯敢干,满怀豪情壮志搞建设的基础上,也不能忽视因为运动中的错误与偏差对人民正常生产生活所造成的严重后果。历史的经验教训值得我们认真总结,只有科学地分析现有国情,认清当前所处的经济社会发展阶段,坚持一切从实际出发,实事求是,科学发展,才能避免悲剧的重演。
[Abstract]:In August 1958, with the proposal of the general line of socialist construction and the "Great Leap forward" movement in full swing, the national people's communization movement in rural areas began to develop rapidly. As a social and political movement covering a wide range of areas, it is an exploration of the socialist construction road by the Party and the state under specific historical conditions, which has led to great changes in China's rural society and far-reaching influence. In the national "people's commune good" voice, Hunan Anhua County rural people's commune movement also launched vigorously. This article takes the rural people's communization movement of Anhua County as the research object, uses the original file data, strives to show the cause, the process, the realization and the influence of the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County more comprehensively, in order to get some enlightenment from it. The first chapter of this paper studies the rise of the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County. Through the examination of the era background and social foundation of the movement, it is found that the farmers in Henan and other places are different from the farmers in Henan and other places. As Anhua County in mountainous areas, because of the dispersion of residence, customs, accents and other factors, The will of collectivization here is not as strong as that of plain area, so the movement of rural people's commune here is initiated by the county committee in accordance with the national environment and guided by policy. The county party committee first planned how to work for an office, then experimented in a township, set up a commune shelf, extensively publicized and launched the first commune, and then, through the exemplary role of this commune, let the commune movement spread out throughout the county. Twenty-five people's communes were built almost instantly. The second chapter studies the system after the establishment of the rural people's commune in Anhua County and the production movement under these systems. First, it expounds the organization structure, ownership of means of production, management, distribution, life and welfare system adopted by the rural people's commune in Anhua County. Then it examines how the mass production and construction movement was carried out in the compact structure of the commune's direct members, such as iron and steel smelting, water conservancy construction, agriculture and other large corps-style production and construction movements. The third chapter introduces the problems in Anhua County after the rural people's communization movement and how to adjust according to the instructions of the Central Committee and the Provincial CPC Committee. This paper makes a detailed presentation of the "five winds" in Anhua County during the rural people's communization movement, and analyzes the reasons for these problems. The fourth chapter discusses the influence of the rural people's communization movement on the life and production of the people in Anhua, and the enlightenment of the movement to the economic and social development today. Reviewing the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County, we should make an objective and fair evaluation. On the basis of fully affirming the broad masses of people daring to do their work and carrying out construction with great ambition, we must not ignore the serious consequences caused by the mistakes and deviations in the movement on the normal production and life of the people. The experience and lessons of history deserve us to sum up seriously. Only by scientifically analyzing the present national conditions, recognizing the current stage of economic and social development, insisting on proceeding from reality, seeking truth from facts and scientific development, can we avoid the recurrence of tragedies.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D232
本文编号：2438962
[Abstract]:In August 1958, with the proposal of the general line of socialist construction and the "Great Leap forward" movement in full swing, the national people's communization movement in rural areas began to develop rapidly. As a social and political movement covering a wide range of areas, it is an exploration of the socialist construction road by the Party and the state under specific historical conditions, which has led to great changes in China's rural society and far-reaching influence. In the national "people's commune good" voice, Hunan Anhua County rural people's commune movement also launched vigorously. This article takes the rural people's communization movement of Anhua County as the research object, uses the original file data, strives to show the cause, the process, the realization and the influence of the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County more comprehensively, in order to get some enlightenment from it. The first chapter of this paper studies the rise of the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County. Through the examination of the era background and social foundation of the movement, it is found that the farmers in Henan and other places are different from the farmers in Henan and other places. As Anhua County in mountainous areas, because of the dispersion of residence, customs, accents and other factors, The will of collectivization here is not as strong as that of plain area, so the movement of rural people's commune here is initiated by the county committee in accordance with the national environment and guided by policy. The county party committee first planned how to work for an office, then experimented in a township, set up a commune shelf, extensively publicized and launched the first commune, and then, through the exemplary role of this commune, let the commune movement spread out throughout the county. Twenty-five people's communes were built almost instantly. The second chapter studies the system after the establishment of the rural people's commune in Anhua County and the production movement under these systems. First, it expounds the organization structure, ownership of means of production, management, distribution, life and welfare system adopted by the rural people's commune in Anhua County. Then it examines how the mass production and construction movement was carried out in the compact structure of the commune's direct members, such as iron and steel smelting, water conservancy construction, agriculture and other large corps-style production and construction movements. The third chapter introduces the problems in Anhua County after the rural people's communization movement and how to adjust according to the instructions of the Central Committee and the Provincial CPC Committee. This paper makes a detailed presentation of the "five winds" in Anhua County during the rural people's communization movement, and analyzes the reasons for these problems. The fourth chapter discusses the influence of the rural people's communization movement on the life and production of the people in Anhua, and the enlightenment of the movement to the economic and social development today. Reviewing the rural people's communization movement in Anhua County, we should make an objective and fair evaluation. On the basis of fully affirming the broad masses of people daring to do their work and carrying out construction with great ambition, we must not ignore the serious consequences caused by the mistakes and deviations in the movement on the normal production and life of the people. The experience and lessons of history deserve us to sum up seriously. Only by scientifically analyzing the present national conditions, recognizing the current stage of economic and social development, insisting on proceeding from reality, seeking truth from facts and scientific development, can we avoid the recurrence of tragedies.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D232
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