“人类中心主义”与非人类中心主义的整合与超越

发布时间：2018-01-15 18:05

本文关键词：“人类中心主义”与非人类中心主义的整合与超越　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：党的“十七大”把生态文明作为我国社会发展的目标,“十八大”进一步把生态文明融入经济、政治、文化和社会之中,形成五位一体的战略格局,近期又发布《生态文明体制改革总体方案》,明确提出开创中国特色社会主义生态文明的新时代,凸显生态文明的国家战略和重大需求,需要在理论上对学术界悬而未决的人类中心主义与非人类中心主义的争论进行再梳理、再评价,整合和超越传统的争论,为环境保护的新阶段,生态文明的健康发展奠定哲学思想和理论基础。“人类中心主义”和非人类中心主义是20世纪末为解决环境危机而流行起来的两大思潮。非人类中心主义,是针对环境问题的出现而被提出来的,并且对人类中心主义进行批判,面对指责,“人类中心主义”进行了反驳,从表面上看二者观点对立,但二者出发点和最终目的却是相同的,都是为了解决环境危机问题,实现人与自然的和谐相处,所以本文提出要对这一共性进行整合。但两大思潮也存在着各自的局限性,二者都泛化了马克思主义的伦理观和价值观,“人类中心主义”削弱了人的社会性,非人类中心主义则抹煞了人的社会性,因此二者都无法解决环境危机问题,所以本文提出对二者的局限性进行超越。在此基础之上,提出走向马克思主义哲学的以类为本位的环境人类中心主义,环境人类中心主义从人与环境关系出发,以类本位的人为中心,扬弃“征服”论,能Y 正确处理好代际与代内之间的关系,实现人类社会的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China regards ecological civilization as the goal of social development in our country, and the 18 National Congress further integrates ecological civilization into economy, politics, culture and society, and forms a five-in-one strategic pattern. Recently, the General Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization system was also issued, clearly proposing to create a new era of socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics, and highlighting the national strategy and major needs of the ecological civilization. It is necessary to rearrange the debate between anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism in academic circles in theory, and reevaluate, integrate and transcend the traditional debate, which is a new stage of environmental protection. The healthy development of ecological civilization lays a philosophical and theoretical foundation. "anthropocentrism" and "non-anthropocentrism" are two popular trends of thought in the end of 20th century in order to solve the environmental crisis. Non-anthropocentrism. In view of the emergence of environmental problems and criticism of anthropocentrism, "anthropocentrism" is refuted, and on the surface, the two viewpoints are opposite. However, both of them have the same starting point and ultimate purpose, both for solving the environmental crisis and realizing the harmony between man and nature. Therefore, this paper proposes to integrate this commonness. However, the two major ideological trends also have their own limitations, both generalize Marxist ethics and values, and "anthropocentrism" weakens the sociality of human beings. Non-anthropocentrism obliterates the sociality of human beings, so neither of them can solve the problem of environmental crisis, so this paper proposes to transcend the limitations of both. This paper puts forward the environmental anthropocentrism which is oriented towards Marxist philosophy. The environmental anthropocentrism starts from the relationship between human and environment, and takes the human of class as the center, sublimating and abandoning the theory of "conquest". Can Y correctly handle the relationship between intergenerational and intra-generation, and realize the sustainable development of human society.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B82-058

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