消费主义幸福观研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 11:52

本文关键词： 消费主义幸福理性欲望　出处：《河北师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：消费主义是兴起于西方国家,以宣扬消费至上和享乐至上为主的一种消费思潮,它的产生、发展和蔓延是经济、政治、思想等多种因素共同作用的结果。它把消费视为实现人生价值的唯一途径,推崇高消费的生活方式,具有无度性、象征性和诱导性等特征,其实质就是对物质资源的挥霍浪费和无情践踏。幸福观是指人们对于幸福、对于自身的生存条件、生活状态和人生理想的看法、态度和观点的概括与总结,具有自我性和多样性等特点,正确的幸福观可以提升人的道德素养和人生境界,指导人们获得有价值的幸福。在秉持消费主义幸福观的人眼里,幸福就是物质欲望的无限满足,把人的物质需要提高到至高无上的地位,完全忽视了人的精神方面的追求。消费主义幸福观追求体面的生活,渴望不加节制的物质享受和消遣。其特征就是个人享乐、物质占有、自我表征等,全然不顾他人和社会的利益和自然界承受能力。所以,消费主义幸福观是物质主义、个人主义、享乐主义价值观的具体体现。它关注当下,认为幸福就是眼前的欢愉;关注物质,将幸福就等同于物质的充裕;关注个体;认为幸福是自身的享乐。这种幸福观随着跨国公司的发展逐渐进入我国,被我国部分消费者所接受和践行,并在大众传媒和我国“刺激消费”政策等多种因素的影响下迅速蔓延和发展,给当前我国的社会生活带来了很沉重的影响。消费主义幸福观将物质消费的多少作为衡量幸福的标准,忽视了精神消费对于人生幸福的意义,导致物质消费与精神消费的严重失衡,无限放大了人的感性欲望和物质需求,使人放弃了道德理性的规导,成为遵从自然本性的消费动物,使人们的消费目的从仅仅是为了满足自身“需要”转向追求不断膨胀的“欲望”,混淆了人的合理需要与无止境之欲望的边界,进而诱发了一系列伦理危机。一方面,消费主义幸福观所引发的盲目消费、过度消费造成了生态资源的大量浪费,同时也给自然环境造成了无法弥补的伤害。另一方面,消费主义幸福观催生个人主义和享乐主义,扭曲了人们的人生观和价值观,加剧了社会多元价值观之间的冲突和碰撞,威胁社会的和谐和稳定,造成人际关系的紧张和疏离。同时,也使人们沉浸在购物消费的快感中,导致精神颓废、理想丧失,在物欲面前丢弃了自我价值和尊严。在现实生活中规避消费主义的不良影响,需要正确处理消费与幸福的关系,消费是实现幸福的途径,正确的幸福观能引导人们合理消费。在消费过程中,努力遵循可持续性原则、公正性原则、责任原则和适度原则,坚持合理消费。同时,还要树立马克思主义幸福观,发扬我国传统的节俭美德,坚定理想信念和崇高的人生追求,自觉抵御不良思想的侵袭,从而实现人生的真正幸福。
[Abstract]:Consumerism is a kind of consumption trend which rises in western countries and preaches the supremacy of consumption and hedonism. Its emergence, development and spread are economy and politics. It regards consumption as the only way to realize the value of life, and advocates the lifestyle of high consumption, which has the characteristics of infinity, symbolism and inducement. The essence of happiness is to squander and trample on the material resources mercilessly. Happiness is the summary and summary of people's views, attitudes and viewpoints on their own living conditions, living conditions and ideals. With the characteristics of self-nature and diversity, the correct concept of happiness can improve people's moral literacy and life realm, guide people to obtain valuable happiness. Happiness is the infinite satisfaction of material desires, which elevates the material needs of human beings to the supreme position and completely ignores the pursuit of human spirit. Consumerism happiness seeks a decent life. Desire for unrestrained material enjoyment and recreation. It is characterized by personal enjoyment, material possession, self-expression, etc., without regard to the interests of others and society and the ability of nature to bear. The concept of happiness of consumerism is the concrete embodiment of the values of materialism, individualism and hedonism. Pay attention to matter, and equate happiness with material abundance; Concern for the individual; With the development of multinational companies, happiness is gradually entered into our country, which is accepted and practiced by some consumers in our country. And in the mass media and our country "stimulate consumption" policy and other factors under the influence of rapid spread and development. The concept of consumerism happiness takes the amount of material consumption as the standard to measure happiness and neglects the significance of spiritual consumption for life happiness. It leads to the serious imbalance between material consumption and spiritual consumption, unlimited amplification of human emotional desire and material needs, makes people give up the guidance of moral reason, and become a consumer animal obeying the nature of nature. The purpose of people's consumption is only to satisfy their own "needs" to pursue the ever-expanding "desire", confusing the boundary between human's reasonable needs and endless desires. On the one hand, the blind consumption caused by the concept of consumerism happiness, excessive consumption caused a large amount of waste of ecological resources. At the same time, it also caused irreparable harm to the natural environment. On the other hand, consumerism concept of happiness gave birth to individualism and hedonism, and distorted people's outlook on life and values. It intensifies the conflict and collision between social multi-values, threatens the harmony and stability of the society, and causes tension and alienation of interpersonal relationship. At the same time, it also causes people to immerse in the pleasure of shopping and consumption, leading to spiritual decadence. The loss of ideal, in the face of material desire abandoned the self-worth and dignity. In real life to avoid the adverse effects of consumerism, we need to correctly handle the relationship between consumption and happiness, consumption is the way to achieve happiness. The correct concept of happiness can guide people to consume reasonably. In the process of consumption, we should try to follow the principles of sustainability, fairness, responsibility and moderation, and adhere to the principle of reasonable consumption. We should also set up Marxist concept of happiness, carry forward our traditional virtue of frugality, firm our ideals and beliefs and lofty pursuit of life, consciously resist the invasion of bad ideas, and thus realize the true happiness of life.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B82-05

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