生态伦理流派的“生态纪”维度解读

发布时间：2018-04-01 05:22

本文选题：生态纪　切入点：人类中心主义　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我们所处的生态环境日益遭到破坏,人类在反思自己的行为时,出现了两种对自然的不同态度出,主要表现为人类中心主义和非人类中心主义。首先,从相关概念、内容、发展过程、历史形态、代表人物等方面对人类中心主义与非人类中心主义基本情况进行阐述。然后,总结人类中心主义与非人类中心主义的多种矛盾,包括有关主体、目的、理性、科学、技术、创造力、人与自然的关系、价值、公正等方面的矛盾。随后,对“生态纪”思想的内涵和发展进行研究。从“生态纪”思想维度中的宇宙、地球和生命三个方面来分析非人类中心主义。在主体方面上,非人类中心主义赞成宇宙、地球、生命是主体,有目的性和理性,人类中心主义反驳这些观点;在行动上,非人类中心主义支持宇宙中的万事万物都包含科学、技术与创造力,人类中心主义反对这种说法,在人类中心主义阵营中,它只认为人类具备科学技术与创造力;在价值观方面上,非人类中心主义和人类中心主义的观点存在很大不同,非人类中心主义表明不论是人、自然或者是生物,每一部分都有自己独特的价值,人类中心主义赞成只有人类有价值。从“生态纪”维度对人类中心主义进行解读。人类中心主义认为人是宇宙的中心,过分强调了人有自发性,一切只为人类的利益;确立了人类的绝对主体地位,肯定了人类创造力与技术;“生态纪”思想认为,宇宙生命世界普遍存在自发性,不仅承认,而且还对自发性进行了扩展,动物、植物在社会发展中也有主体性;托马斯·柏励反对人类可以绝对地征服自然,如果人类利用创造性超出适度范围,将会给社会带来重大的危害。因此,美国著名生态哲学家托马斯·柏励教授运用他的伟大的“生态纪”思想来解决生态问题。他认为宇宙是交流的主体,要实现地球的可持续生存,认识到地球是时间沉积的馈赠,实现地球是原初本原,实现只有一个地球共同体的梦想,使人类走向生态纪元的未来之路。
[Abstract]:The ecological environment in which we live is being destroyed day by day. When human beings reflect on their own behavior, there are two different attitudes towards nature, mainly manifested in anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism. The basic situation of anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism is expounded from the aspects of development process, historical form, representative personage and so on. Then, the author summarizes the contradictions between anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism, including the relevant subject, purpose, etc. The contradiction between reason, science, technology, creativity, relationship between man and nature, value, justice and so on. Then, the connotation and development of the thought of "ecological discipline" are studied. On the subject side, non-anthropocentrism is in favor of the universe, earth, life is the subject, purposeful and rational, anthropocentrism refutes these views; in action, Non-anthropocentrism supports that everything in the universe includes science, technology and creativity. Anthropocentrism opposes this argument. In the camp of anthropocentrism, it only holds that mankind has science, technology and creativity. In terms of values, there is a big difference between non-anthropocentrism and anthropocentrism. Non-anthropocentrism means that each part has its own unique value, whether it is human, natural or biological. Anthropocentrism advocates that only human beings have value. It interprets anthropocentrism from the perspective of "ecological discipline". Anthropocentrism holds that man is the center of the universe, which overemphasizes the spontaneity of man and all is for the benefit of mankind. Established the human absolute subject status, affirmed the human creativity and the technology; the "ecological discipline" thought, the universe life world universal existence spontaneity, not only acknowledged, but also carried on the expansion to the spontaneity, the animal, Plants also have subjectivity in the development of society; Thomas Bailey opposes the absolute conquest of nature by man, and if human beings use creativity beyond the limits of moderation, it will do great harm to society. Professor Thomas Burley, a famous American ecological philosopher, used his great "ecological discipline" to solve ecological problems. He believed that the universe was the main body of communication, and that the sustainable existence of the earth was to be realized, realizing that the earth was a gift of time deposition. The realization of the earth is the original origin and the realization of the dream that there is only one earth community, which makes the future of mankind enter the ecological epoch.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B82-058

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