朱陆修养工夫论的思想渊源及其异同——以“尊德性”与“道问学”为宗旨

发布时间：2018-07-03 14:23

本文选题：朱熹 + 陆九渊　；参考：《道德与文明》2017年06期

【摘要】：朱陆修养工夫论与先秦思孟学派及其继承者理学奠基人周敦颐、张载、二程之间存在渊源关系。朱熹在继承程颐理一分殊与居敬穷理思想的基础上,通过对《中庸》《易传》《大学》《孟子》及周敦颐、张载思想的阐发,从理事并进、知行互发的立场出发,确立了尊德性与道问学并行的修养论。陆九渊远承孟子大体说,近承程颢识仁说,从心即理的立场出发,确立了以发明本心的尊德性统摄道问学的修养论。由此朱陆思想体系中修养论的来源、内涵及路径存在差异,直接导致修养方法上的易简与支离,修养内容上的践履与讲学,儒学门户上的禅学与俗学之争。其实儒释之辨在于是否承认天理,陆王心学只是将天理收归道德本心,从而将儒家道德心性之学推进到新的发展阶段。
[Abstract]:There is a relationship between Zhu Lu's theory of self-cultivation, Zhou Dunyi, Zhang Zai, and his successors, Zhou Dunyi, Zhang Zai, and his successors to the Pre-Qin School of thought and Mencianism. On the basis of inheriting the thought of Cheng Yili and Ju Yi-li, Zhu Xi, through the analysis of Mencius and Zhou Dunyi and Zhang Deng-yi, from the standpoint of governing director and mutual distribution of knowledge and action, set out from the standpoint of "the mean," Yi Zhuan "," University "," Mencius "and" Zhou Dunyi ". It establishes the cultivation theory of respect for virtue and Taoism. Lu Jiuyuan holds the general view of Mencius, Cheng Hao said, from the standpoint of "the mind is reason", established the self-cultivation theory of "the moral character of inventing the heart" governing the Taoism and learning. Therefore, there are differences in the origin, connotation and path of cultivation theory in Zhu Lu's thought system, which leads directly to the dispute between Zen and vulgarism on the cultivation method, the practice and lecture on the content of cultivation, and the Zen and vulgar studies on the portal of Confucianism. In fact, the difference between Confucianism and Buddhism lies in whether to admit the nature of heaven, but Lu Wang Xinxue only relegated the theory of nature to the moral heart, thus pushing the study of moral nature of Confucianism to a new stage of development.
【作者单位】：武汉大学哲学学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(17FZX013) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(16JJD720014)
【分类号】：B82-092

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