杨昌济伦理思想的儒学精神
发布时间：2018-08-18 13:48
【摘要】：杨昌济(1871.4.21--1920.1.17),字华生,后改名怀中,湖南长沙人,我国近代著名教育家和伦理学家。他学识渊博,贯通古今,又博通中外,在教育学、伦理学和哲学等多个人文领域具有颇高的造诣,特别是伦理学方面,杨昌济着力最深,他继承并发展中国传统儒家“内圣外王”的修身理念,同时吸取了西方先进的伦理思想,尝试着将中国传统文化和西方文化相结合,提出了“确立一新学派者”的思想。本文主要通过对《杨昌济集》、《杨昌济文集》、《达化斋日记》等文献的研究,对其伦理思想的儒学精神进行了较深层次的梳理和挖掘。第一部分,引言。阐述选题的缘由及意义、研究现状及述评、研究方法以及本文的创新之处与不足。第二部分,对杨昌济的生平及其思想进行了系统梳理。处于动荡不安、民生维艰的年代,杨昌济承袭了历代儒者“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”的理想抱负,出国留学十年,习得西方伦理思想的精髓,在杨昌济融汇中西的思想里,最终落脚点是中国文化。第三部分,概括杨昌济伦理思想的构成体系,从杨昌济伦理思想中探析其儒学精神的本质。从“贵我通今”中看儒家内圣外王之道,从内圣之道,分析杨昌济的儒家之志、儒家之诚、儒家之体察自省;从外圣之道,分析其知而行之和经世致用思想。接着从“贵我通今”的思想中,分析杨昌济对传统儒家中庸思想的继承与发展。第四部分,论述杨昌济对宋明理学“存天理,灭人欲”思想的批判与反思,同时吸取儒学“仁义”精神的精华,将天理与人欲、个人与社会的关系进行了重新审视和论证,提出“有公共心之个人主义”伦理观。第五部分,论述杨昌济伦理思想的儒学精神之价值。先分析儒学精神的特质对杨昌济伦理思想的意义,再分析这种儒学精神对毛泽东等青年学生的影响。杨昌济高尚的德行和严谨的治学态度,赢得了其门下众学生由衷的敬佩,尤其是对毛泽东、蔡和森、陈昌、罗学攒、萧三、舒新城等人产生了深远的影响。学生们以杨昌济为学习楷模,立志做一名有志之士,并都取得一番成就。有的学生钻研于学术,为中国教育事业做出了殊为重要的贡献;有的学生为挽救中国命运、实现中华民族伟大民族复兴鞠躬尽瘁,死而后已。
[Abstract]:Yang Changji (1871.4.21- 1920.1.17), the word Watson, later renamed Huazhong, Hunan Changsha, China's modern famous educator and ethicist. He is a man with profound knowledge, both ancient and modern, as well as both at home and abroad. He has high attainments in many fields of humanities, such as pedagogy, ethics and philosophy, especially in ethics, in which Yang Changji puts the most effort. He inherits and develops the self-cultivation idea of the Chinese traditional Confucianism "the inside, the outside king", at the same time absorbs the western advanced ethics thought, tries to combine the Chinese traditional culture with the western culture, and puts forward the thought of "establishing a new school of thought". In this paper, the Confucian spirit of his ethical thoughts is deeply combed and excavated through the study of the literature such as the Collection of Yang Changji, the Collection of articles of Yang Changji and the Diary of Da Hua Zhai. The first part, introduction. Explain the reason and significance of the topic, research status and review, research methods and the innovation and shortcomings of this paper. The second part systematically combs Yang Changji's life and his thoughts. In an era of turbulent and difficult people's livelihood, Yang Changji inherited the ideal ambition of the Confucianists of the past dynasties to "cultivate themselves, unite their families, run the country and level the world", studied abroad for 10 years, learned the essence of Western ethical thought, and in Yang Changji's fusion of Chinese and Western thoughts, The final foothold is Chinese culture. The third part generalizes the composing system of Yang Changji's ethics thought, and analyzes the essence of his Confucian spirit from the angle of Yang Changji's ethics thought. From the view of the Confucian way of internal, holy and external kings, this paper analyzes Yang Changji's Confucian aspirations, the sincerity of Confucianism and the introspection of Confucianism, and from the way of outside saints, the author analyzes his thoughts of knowing and doing what he knows and using the world. Then it analyzes Yang Changji's inheritance and development of the traditional Confucian mean thought from the thought of "Gui I Tong Jin". The fourth part discusses Yang Changji's criticism and introspection on the thought of "save nature, extinguish human desire" in Song Ming, and at the same time absorb the essence of Confucian "benevolence and righteousness" spirit, and re-examine and demonstrate the relationship between nature and human desire, individual and society. Put forward the ethics of "individualism with public heart". The fifth part discusses the value of Confucian spirit of Yang Changji's ethics thought. This paper first analyzes the significance of the Confucian spirit to Yang Changji's ethical thought, and then analyzes the influence of the Confucian spirit on the young students such as Mao Zedong. Yang Changji's noble virtue and rigorous academic attitude have won the sincere admiration of his students, especially to Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen, Chen Chang, Luo Xuezan, Xiao San, Shu Xincheng and others. The students took Yang Changji as a model of study, determined to be a man of ambition, and made some achievements. Some students delve into the academic field and make great contributions to the Chinese educational cause, while some students devote themselves wholeheartedly to saving the destiny of China and realizing the great national rejuvenation of the Chinese nation until they die.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B82-0
本文编号：2189657
[Abstract]:Yang Changji (1871.4.21- 1920.1.17), the word Watson, later renamed Huazhong, Hunan Changsha, China's modern famous educator and ethicist. He is a man with profound knowledge, both ancient and modern, as well as both at home and abroad. He has high attainments in many fields of humanities, such as pedagogy, ethics and philosophy, especially in ethics, in which Yang Changji puts the most effort. He inherits and develops the self-cultivation idea of the Chinese traditional Confucianism "the inside, the outside king", at the same time absorbs the western advanced ethics thought, tries to combine the Chinese traditional culture with the western culture, and puts forward the thought of "establishing a new school of thought". In this paper, the Confucian spirit of his ethical thoughts is deeply combed and excavated through the study of the literature such as the Collection of Yang Changji, the Collection of articles of Yang Changji and the Diary of Da Hua Zhai. The first part, introduction. Explain the reason and significance of the topic, research status and review, research methods and the innovation and shortcomings of this paper. The second part systematically combs Yang Changji's life and his thoughts. In an era of turbulent and difficult people's livelihood, Yang Changji inherited the ideal ambition of the Confucianists of the past dynasties to "cultivate themselves, unite their families, run the country and level the world", studied abroad for 10 years, learned the essence of Western ethical thought, and in Yang Changji's fusion of Chinese and Western thoughts, The final foothold is Chinese culture. The third part generalizes the composing system of Yang Changji's ethics thought, and analyzes the essence of his Confucian spirit from the angle of Yang Changji's ethics thought. From the view of the Confucian way of internal, holy and external kings, this paper analyzes Yang Changji's Confucian aspirations, the sincerity of Confucianism and the introspection of Confucianism, and from the way of outside saints, the author analyzes his thoughts of knowing and doing what he knows and using the world. Then it analyzes Yang Changji's inheritance and development of the traditional Confucian mean thought from the thought of "Gui I Tong Jin". The fourth part discusses Yang Changji's criticism and introspection on the thought of "save nature, extinguish human desire" in Song Ming, and at the same time absorb the essence of Confucian "benevolence and righteousness" spirit, and re-examine and demonstrate the relationship between nature and human desire, individual and society. Put forward the ethics of "individualism with public heart". The fifth part discusses the value of Confucian spirit of Yang Changji's ethics thought. This paper first analyzes the significance of the Confucian spirit to Yang Changji's ethical thought, and then analyzes the influence of the Confucian spirit on the young students such as Mao Zedong. Yang Changji's noble virtue and rigorous academic attitude have won the sincere admiration of his students, especially to Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen, Chen Chang, Luo Xuezan, Xiao San, Shu Xincheng and others. The students took Yang Changji as a model of study, determined to be a man of ambition, and made some achievements. Some students delve into the academic field and make great contributions to the Chinese educational cause, while some students devote themselves wholeheartedly to saving the destiny of China and realizing the great national rejuvenation of the Chinese nation until they die.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B82-0
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