权力对道德行为的前后一致性的影响研究
发布时间：2019-04-03 17:28
【摘要】：国内外关于权力与道德行为的研究都是在探讨权力对道德行为的影响,却从未探讨过不同权力的个体在做出道德行为之后的后续道德行为是否存在差异,也即权力对道德行为的前后一致性的影响。本文共设计了三个研究以对这一问题进行考察。研究一使用问卷对被试固有的权力感进行测量,考察了权力、既往行为性质(道德vs不道德)与后续助人意愿间的关系,发现权力与既往行为性质交互影响被试后续的助人意愿:对于低权力被试,回忆道德和不道德的行为在后续助人意愿上不存在差异,而对于高权力被试,回忆道德的行为要比回忆不道德的行为更能增加其后续助人意愿;回忆道德的行为时,高权力被试要比低权力被试表现出更多的助人意愿,而回忆不道德的行为时,高权力被试要比低权力被试表现出更少的助人意愿,也即高权力者倾向于表现出道德行为前后一致,低权力者则倾向于表现出道德行为前后波动。为了进一步验证这一发现,研究二与研究三采用词语搜索范式启动被试的高、低权力感,结果发现了与研究一一致的现象:在回忆既往道德的行为的情况下,启动高权力感的被试比启动低权力感的被试有更多的助人行为;而在回忆既往不道德行为的情况下,启动高权力感的被试比启动低权力感的被试有更多的欺骗行为。这是第一个对权力与个体道德行为的前后一致性间的关系进行考察的研究,研究结果表明:高权力个体倾向于表现出道德行为前后一致,而低权力个体倾向于表现出道德行为前后波动。笔者认为,这一创新发现将有助于我们对不同权力的个体的道德行为进行更合理的预测。
[Abstract]:The research on power and moral behavior at home and abroad is to explore the influence of power on moral behavior, but has never discussed whether there are differences in the subsequent moral behavior of individuals with different powers after making moral behavior. That is, the influence of power on the consistency of moral behavior. In this paper, three studies have been designed to investigate this problem. A questionnaire was used to measure the inherent sense of power in the subjects, and the relationship between the power, the nature of past behavior (moral vs immoral) and the intention of subsequent recipients was investigated. It was found that the nature of power and past behavior interacted with the subsequent willingness of the subjects: for low-power subjects, there was no difference between moral and immoral behavior in the willingness to follow-up, but for high-power subjects, there was no difference in the willingness to follow-up. Recollection moral behavior is more likely to help others than to recall immoral behavior; When recalling moral behavior, high-power subjects showed more willingness to help others than low-power subjects, while high-power subjects showed less willingness to help others when recalling immoral behavior than low-power subjects. That is to say, the high power tends to show the consistency of moral behavior, while the low power tends to show the fluctuation before and after the moral behavior. In order to further verify this finding, the second and third studies used the word search paradigm to initiate the high, low-power sense of power of the subjects, and found a phenomenon consistent with the study: in the case of recollection of past moral behavior, The subjects who started the high power sense had more helping behavior than those who started the low power sense. In the case of recalling past immoral behavior, the subjects who initiated high power sense were more deceitful than those who started low power sense. This is the first study to investigate the relationship between power and the consistency of individual moral behavior. The results show that high-power individuals tend to show consistency in moral behavior. Low-power individuals tend to exhibit fluctuations before and after moral behavior. The author believes that this innovation will help us to predict the moral behavior of individuals with different powers.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B82-05
[Abstract]:The research on power and moral behavior at home and abroad is to explore the influence of power on moral behavior, but has never discussed whether there are differences in the subsequent moral behavior of individuals with different powers after making moral behavior. That is, the influence of power on the consistency of moral behavior. In this paper, three studies have been designed to investigate this problem. A questionnaire was used to measure the inherent sense of power in the subjects, and the relationship between the power, the nature of past behavior (moral vs immoral) and the intention of subsequent recipients was investigated. It was found that the nature of power and past behavior interacted with the subsequent willingness of the subjects: for low-power subjects, there was no difference between moral and immoral behavior in the willingness to follow-up, but for high-power subjects, there was no difference in the willingness to follow-up. Recollection moral behavior is more likely to help others than to recall immoral behavior; When recalling moral behavior, high-power subjects showed more willingness to help others than low-power subjects, while high-power subjects showed less willingness to help others when recalling immoral behavior than low-power subjects. That is to say, the high power tends to show the consistency of moral behavior, while the low power tends to show the fluctuation before and after the moral behavior. In order to further verify this finding, the second and third studies used the word search paradigm to initiate the high, low-power sense of power of the subjects, and found a phenomenon consistent with the study: in the case of recollection of past moral behavior, The subjects who started the high power sense had more helping behavior than those who started the low power sense. In the case of recalling past immoral behavior, the subjects who initiated high power sense were more deceitful than those who started low power sense. This is the first study to investigate the relationship between power and the consistency of individual moral behavior. The results show that high-power individuals tend to show consistency in moral behavior. Low-power individuals tend to exhibit fluctuations before and after moral behavior. The author believes that this innovation will help us to predict the moral behavior of individuals with different powers.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B82-05
【参考文献】
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