网络群体极化的生成因素和应对策略初探

发布时间：2018-12-12 01:48

【摘要】：我国改革开放的深化与社会转型的加速使得社会中各种利益与矛盾凸显，而现时期的社会表达机制却不够完善，导致一些利益群体通过网络来表达诉求，以致屡屡出现网络群体极化现象，甚至通过网络串联采取集体行动。近年来这类群体性的行动常常令政府手足无措，对政治稳定和社会发展带来一定程度的冲击。本文通过对近几年国内外的网络群体性事件的分析，从群体、网络技术与政治社会等多方面探讨网络群体极化现象的生发因素及其应对之策。文中首先界定了文章的核心概念“网络群体极化”，从群体心理学和网络技术角度来详细说明网络群体极化比之于传统的群体极化在生成机制和社会影响方面所具有的一系列新特点。本文认为：群体思维弱智化、责任感分散、情绪易感染以及沉默的螺旋机制等是群体自身无法摆脱的因素，而政治社会问题则为网络群体极化提供了现实诱因。在中国社会转型时期，各种矛盾的累积、政府公信力缺失、官民关系不和谐、信息公开滞后、境外势力煽动以及突发事件的刺激是现实诱因的主要方面。此外，网络本身为网络群体极化创造了良好的条件，它是网络群体极化发展的助推器。网络的匿名传播特性、意见领袖的推动、媒体推波助澜以及媒体“把关人”的缺失等是极化的重要原因，它们都与网络传播的网络协议的设计有关。网络群体极化既是一种现象也是一种过程，它带来许多负面效应，如危及民主、侵犯他人权益、易为敌对势力所利用而危及政治社会稳定等。因此，在分析网络群体极化的生发因素和影响的基础上，本文认为可从社会治理、网络监管、网络法律道德建设三方面着手降低网络群体极化的发生几率，减少其带来的负面效应，为政治改革和经济发展提供一个良好的环境。
[Abstract]:The deepening of China's reform and opening up and the acceleration of social transformation make all kinds of interests and contradictions prominent in the society, but the social expression mechanism in the present period is not perfect enough, which leads some interest groups to express their demands through the network. As a result of repeated network group polarization phenomenon, even through the network series to take collective action. In recent years, such collective actions have often left the government at a loss, which has had a certain impact on political stability and social development. Based on the analysis of the network group events at home and abroad in recent years, this paper discusses the causes and countermeasures of the phenomenon of network group polarization from the aspects of group, network technology and political society. This paper first defines the core concept of the article "network group polarization", From the point of view of group psychology and network technology, this paper explains in detail a series of new characteristics of network group polarization compared with traditional group polarization in terms of generation mechanism and social impact. This paper holds that the group thinking is weak, the sense of responsibility is scattered, the emotional infection and the spiral mechanism of silence are the factors that the group cannot get rid of, while the political and social problems provide the realistic inducement for the network group polarization. In the period of social transformation in China, the accumulation of various contradictions, the lack of credibility of the government, the disharmony between the government and the people, the lagging of information disclosure, the incitement of foreign forces and the stimulation of unexpected events are the main aspects of the realistic inducements. In addition, the network itself creates good conditions for network group polarization, and it is a booster for the development of network group polarization. The anonymous communication characteristics of the network, the promotion of opinion leaders, the media push and the lack of "gatekeepers" are the important reasons for the polarization, which are all related to the design of network protocols. Network group polarization is not only a phenomenon but also a process. It brings many negative effects, such as endangering democracy, infringing other people's rights and interests, easily being used by hostile forces and endangering political and social stability and so on. Therefore, on the basis of analyzing the factors and influence of network group polarization, this paper thinks that we can reduce the probability of network group polarization from three aspects: social governance, network supervision and network legal and moral construction. Reducing its negative effects provides a good environment for political reform and economic development.
【学位授予单位】：中共浙江省委党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D631.43

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