警察院校大学生体育锻炼与心理健康状况的调查

发布时间：2019-02-15 14:01

【摘要】：目的:了解警察院校大学生心理健康与体育锻炼态度状况,探讨两者间的关系。方法:于2005-05采用集体抽样的方法抽取公安大学两个公安专业学生122人。采用症状自评量表进行心理健康测试。量表设计的自变量有总分、总均分、阳性项目数、阳性症状分和躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖、偏执、精神病性和其他因子10个因子得分。被试根据近1周的感受对90道自测题进行1～5级评分(无、轻度、中度、相当重、严重)。经过自变量组合(内生变量)产生阳性症状发生率。测量中进行自愿记名和匿名测量。同时采用北京体育大学毛建荣研制的锻炼态度量表进行体育锻炼态度测试,量表包含行为态度、目标态度、行为认知、行为习惯、行为意向、情感体验、行为控制感和主观标准8个自变量70道题,采用5级评分(完全不符合、不符合、说不清楚、符合、完全符合)。并收集记名测试者的体育测试成绩,包括立定跳远、1500m长跑和50m×8往返跑。评估标准:以症状自评量表测量总分超过160,或者阳性项目数超过43项,作为阳性症状的发生临界。结果:发放问卷121份,收回合格问卷117份,有效率为95.9%。①警察院校大学生除症状自评量表的阳性项目数、偏执平均分高于普通大学生,其他指标均低于普通大学生。男学生在总分、阳性项目数、阳性症状均分、总均分、躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、偏执得分均显著高于女学生。警察院校大学生阳性症状发生率为41%,城镇与农村生源阳性症状发生率差异存在显著性(35.4%,66.7%,χ2=5.978,P0.05)。②匿名与记名测试中,记名测试组在体育锻炼态度8项目指标除主观标准指标外,其他指标均高于匿名测试组,差异有显著性(P0.05)。女学生行为认知指标、主观标准高于男学生。农村学生行为态度和目标态度指标高于城镇学生(P0.10)。③学生体育锻炼态度中行为态度、情感体验、目标态度和行为习惯4指标显著影响学生心理健康状况。④不同的体育测试项目与学生的症状自评量表各因子相关程度有差异。学生的立定跳远成绩与强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性和偏执呈现出显著正相关(P0.05);长跑运动成绩与躯体化因子呈现高度负相关(P0.01),与强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性和偏执呈现显著负相关。结论:警察院校大学生的心理健康状况有待加强,应重视农村生源、男学生的心理健康教育。体育锻炼的过程中要树立正确的行为态度和目标态度,注重体育锻炼过程中体验到的欢快喜悦,形成良好的锻炼行为习惯,建议多进行中长跑运动,以优化学生的心理健康状况。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the relationship between mental health and physical exercise attitude of police college students. Methods: 122 students of two public security majors in Public Security University were selected by group sampling in May 2005. Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was used to test mental health. The independent variables included total score, total mean score, number of positive items, positive symptoms and somatization, compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychosis and other factors. According to the feeling of nearly 1 week, 90 self-test questions were rated at 1: 5 grade (none, mild, moderate, quite heavy, severe). The incidence of positive symptoms was generated by the combination of independent variables (endogenous variables). Voluntary and anonymous measurements are performed in measurements. At the same time, the exercise attitude scale developed by Mao Jianrong of Beijing University of physical Education was used to test the attitude of physical exercise. The scale includes behavior attitude, target attitude, behavior cognition, behavior habit, behavior intention, emotion experience. The behavior control feeling and subjective standard 8 independent variable 70 questions, adopt 5 grade score (completely does not conform, say not clearly, accord with, completely accord with). The sports test scores of registered testers were collected, including standing long jump, 1500m long distance run and 50m 脳 8 round trip. Evaluation criteria: the total score of SCL-90 was more than 160, or the number of positive items was more than 43, which was regarded as the critical point for the occurrence of positive symptoms. Results: 121 questionnaires were sent out and 117 qualified questionnaires were collected. The effective rate was 95.9.1 the average score of paranoid ideation was higher than that of ordinary students except for the positive items of SCL-90, and the other indexes were lower than those of ordinary students. The scores of total score, number of positive items, average score of positive symptoms, total score, somatization, compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility and paranoid ideation of male students were significantly higher than those of female students. The incidence of positive symptoms in police college students was 41%. There was a significant difference between urban and rural students in the incidence of positive symptoms (35.40.66.7, 蠂 2 5.978P 0.05). 2 in anonymous and registered tests, there was a significant difference in the incidence of positive symptoms between urban and rural students. The indexes of 8 items of physical exercise attitude in the registered test group were higher than those in the anonymous test group except the subjective standard index (P0.05). The subjective standard of behavioral cognition of female students was higher than that of male students. The behavior attitude and goal attitude index of rural students were higher than those of urban students (P0.10). Target, attitude and behavior habits significantly affected the mental health status of students. 4 the correlation degree between different physical test items and students' symptom Checklist-Checklist (SCL-90) was different. The scores of standing long jump were positively correlated with obsessive-compulsion, depression, anxiety, hostility and paranoid ideation (P0.05). The scores of long distance running were negatively correlated with somatization factors (P0.01), compulsion, depression, anxiety, hostility and paranoid ideation. Conclusion: the mental health status of police college students needs to be strengthened, and attention should be paid to the mental health education of rural students and male students. In the process of physical exercise, we should set up the correct behavior attitude and target attitude, pay attention to the joy and joy experienced in the course of physical exercise, form good exercise behavior habits, and suggest more middle and long distance running. In order to optimize the mental health of students.
【作者单位】：中国人民公安大学警训部中国人民公安大学警训部中国人民公安大学警训部中国人民公安大学警训部
【分类号】：G807.4;D631.15

【共引文献】