山东省农村空巢老人养老模式选择意愿及养老保障优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 10:27

本文选题：农村空巢老人　切入点：养老模式　出处：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是在“未富先老”的条件下进入老龄化社会并快速推进,此时完善的养老保障体系还没有建立,老年人的“养老”问题也日益凸显。其中,老年群体中的特殊群体如农村空巢老人存在经济缺失和子女缺失双重情境,更是面临着更多的养老风险,需要国家和社会给予重点关注。那么,在较多可以选择的养老模式中,空巢老人愿意以何种方式养老将关系到他们的养老质量和需求满足程度。因此,了解其养老模式选择意愿并提供有针对性的养老保障措施意义重大。改革开放以来,山东省经济持续稳定发展,但也引发了城乡间经济发展的严重失衡的问题,在一定程度上破坏了农村社会养老模式的运行环境。因此,在人口老龄化趋势加快,家庭养老功能弱化及社会养老服务事业发展不成熟的条件下,构建与其相协调的农村空巢老人养老保障模式势在必行。而学界以往对空巢老年人养老问题的研究主要集中在城市空巢群体,对农村空巢群体的关注相对较少。山东省是全国人口大省,不但老龄化水平高于全国平均水平,农村空巢化率也相对较高。因此,本文通过相关学科理论,借鉴已有研究成果对山东省17地市农村空巢老人养老保障模式意愿选择的基础上,进行实证分析具有较高的理论价值和实践意义。在研究中,本文先采用单因素分析,主要是通过一系列的交互分析分别展现各自变量与因变量之间可能存在的关系,即在不考虑其他因素的前提下某因素对养老方式选择的影响,并运用卡方检验方法检验影响的显著性。继而将单因素分析出的显著影响因素纳入多元Logistic回归模型,进一步探讨多因素综合作用对农村空巢老人养老方式选择的相互影响及程度,以便更有针对性的提出相关意见和建议。最后,基于以上的探讨和实证结果,分析了山东省17地市农村空巢老人养老保障模式的选择受人口特征、思想观念、经济状况、社会环境等4大类8种因素的综合影响。为能够为农村空巢老人提供有针对性的养老保障,提出了以养老模式选择意愿为导向的,围绕自我养老开展养老服务、加强政府资金保障设立养老补贴、鼓励民间资本参与农村养老以及增强子女照护义务履行兜底责任等建议。
[Abstract]:China is entering an aging society under the condition of "getting old before getting rich" and pushing forward rapidly. At this time, the perfect old-age security system has not been established, and the problem of "old-age care" for the elderly has become increasingly prominent. The special groups in the elderly group, such as the rural empty-nest elderly have the dual situation of lack of economy and lack of children, they are facing more risks of providing for the aged, and need to be paid more attention by the state and society. The ways in which empty nesters are willing to provide for the aged will have a bearing on the quality of their pension and the degree of satisfaction of their needs. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand their willingness to choose their pension model and to provide targeted old-age security measures. Since the reform and opening up to the outside world, The sustained and stable economic development in Shandong Province has also caused a serious imbalance in the economic development between urban and rural areas, which to a certain extent has destroyed the operating environment of the rural social pension model. Therefore, the trend of population aging has accelerated. Under the condition of weakening of family pension function and immature development of social pension service, It is imperative to construct a coordinated rural old-age pension model for empty-nest elderly. However, the previous researches on the problem of empty-nest old-age support are mainly focused on urban empty-nest groups. Shandong Province is a large province with a large population, the aging level is higher than the national average, and the rural empty nest rate is relatively high. It is of great theoretical value and practical significance to carry out empirical analysis on the basis of using the existing research results for reference on the choice of pension security model for empty-nest elderly in 17 rural areas of Shandong Province. In the study, this paper first adopts single-factor analysis. Mainly through a series of interactive analysis to show the relationship between their variables and dependent variables, that is, without considering other factors, some factors on the choice of pension, Using chi-square test method to test the significance of the influence, and then the single factor analysis of the significant factors into the multivariate Logistic regression model, In order to put forward the relevant opinions and suggestions more pertinently, the paper further discusses the mutual influence and degree of the multi-factor comprehensive effect on the rural empty-nest old people's choice of the old-age care mode. Finally, based on the above discussion and empirical results, This paper analyzes the choice of old-age security model for the empty-nest elderly in 17 cities of Shandong Province by the characteristics of population, ideology and economic situation. In order to provide the rural empty-nest elderly with targeted old-age security, it is proposed that the old-age service should be guided by the choice of the old-age model, and the old-age service should be carried out around the self-pension. It is suggested to strengthen government funds to establish pension subsidy, to encourage private capital to participate in rural old-age care, and to strengthen child care obligation to fulfill the responsibility of taking care of children.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

【相似文献】