城市居家养老服务国际比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 17:03

  本文选题：福利多元　切入点：社会福利社会化　出处：《南京师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前居家养老服务在各国社会福利制度改革进程中倍受关注,居家养老服务的发展不仅是养老服务方式的转变,更是老年社会福利政策导向的重大转变。目前来看,居家养老服务是最有可能平衡供需矛盾的养老方式。对发达国家居家养老服务发展的历程、支持性政策体系以及运行机制的全面研究,有利于促进对社会福利社会化的理论探讨,有利于促进对当下居家养老服务实践的反思,有利于完善居家养老服务体系建设路径。欧美等发达国家最先基于自身的实践提出了居家养老理念,并且架构了一套基本完整的居家养老服务体系。然而,发展中国家的居家养老服务多处于初级阶段,又因为服务设计缺乏可持续性而不可避免地延长了初级阶段的时段。本研究在梳理国内外相关研究的基础上,结合社会保障学、社会学、心理学以及经济学等学科的知识和方法,运用支持者联盟公共政策分析框架,对瑞典、英国、美国、日本的居家养老服务的概念、理论基础、发展历程进行了详细描述,进而介绍了各国是如何架构老年收入、医疗、住房、家庭等相关支持性政策体系,同时选择主体、客体、资金来源、运行方式、绩效评估、特色项目等为论述维度对国际居家养老服务进行了纵向剖析和横向比较。本研究充分利用文献法和比较分析法,将四个发达国家的居家养老服务做了细致比对,认为它们在政府管理层次和幅度、公益性社会组织发展路径、养老和医疗联系程度上体现出差异性,在确立正确的指导理念、建立志愿服务机制、政府购买居家养老服务和建立长效资金投入和监管机制上具有相似的发展趋势。基于此,为了完善中国等发展中国家的居家养老服务,本研究提出了以下几点相关建议：一是以正确的“社会化”理念指导居家养老服务实践；二是完善基础性补贴、社区医疗照顾和照顾家庭照顾者等支持性政策体系；三是在协同增效理念下建立政府、市场和公益性社会组织的合作供给关系；四是在需求层次持续性理念下打造医养结合的持续照顾项目、“适老化”友好环境项目和智能化养老服务项目等。
[Abstract]:At present, the home pension service is paid more and more attention to in the process of the reform of the social welfare system in various countries. The development of the home pension service is not only a change in the way of providing for the aged, but also a major change in the direction of the social welfare policy for the elderly. Home old-age service is the most likely way to balance the contradiction between supply and demand. It is helpful to promote the theoretical discussion on the socialization of social welfare and to promote the reflection on the practice of providing for the aged at home. The developed countries, such as Europe and America, first put forward the idea of home pension based on their own practice, and constructed a basic and complete home pension service system. However, the United States, Europe and the United States and other developed countries put forward the concept of "home care for the aged" based on their own practice. Most of the home-based old-age care services in developing countries are in the primary stage, and because of the lack of sustainability of service design, the period of the primary stage is inevitably prolonged. The knowledge and methods of sociology, psychology and economics, using the framework of public policy analysis of support alliance, the concept and theoretical basis of home care services in Sweden, the United Kingdom, the United States and Japan. The development process is described in detail, and then it introduces how countries structure the supporting policy system of elderly income, medical care, housing, family and so on, and at the same time chooses the subject, object, source of funds, operation mode, performance evaluation, etc. The characteristic items and so on have carried on the longitudinal analysis and the horizontal comparison to the international home old-age care service for the elaboration dimension. This research fully utilizes the literature method and the comparative analysis method, has made the careful comparison of the home pension service of the four developed countries. It is considered that they are different in the levels and extent of government management, the path of development of public welfare social organizations, the degree of old-age care and medical care, and the establishment of a correct guiding concept and a voluntary service mechanism. The government has a similar development trend in purchasing home pension services and establishing long-term capital investment and regulatory mechanisms. Based on this, in order to improve home pension services in China and other developing countries, This study puts forward the following related suggestions: first, guiding the practice of home pension service with the correct concept of "socialization"; second, perfecting the supporting policy system of basic subsidy, community medical care and caring for family carers, etc. The third is to establish the cooperative supply relationship among government, market and public welfare social organizations under the concept of synergy and efficiency. The fourth is to create the continuous care project, the "aging" friendly environment project and the intelligent old-age service project under the concept of sustainability of demand level.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.6
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本文编号：1677237