人口老龄化背景下我国城市养老服务体系建设研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 16:47

本文选题：人口老龄化 + 养老服务体系　；参考：《南京大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自2005年我国正式步入老龄化社会以来,我国老年人口数量一直保持着较高的增长速度,并在近年来迎来老年人口的高峰。2013年我国65岁以上的老年人数有1.31亿,占中国人口总数的9.7%。除了基数大的特点以外,我国老年人口还具有增长迅速、失能化、高龄化、未富先老、地区分布不平衡等特点,这些都在一定程度上加剧了我国人口老龄化的进程,老龄化成为中国未来发展中非常突出的一大难题。而由此造成的巨大的养老服务负担更是亟待解决,为了应对这项长期挑战,本文立足于当前城市养老服务体系建设,对现行城市养老服务体系的结构与运行机制进行深入研究。以常州市问卷调查结果为例,从城市养老服务需求与供给两方面着手,分析供需失衡的原因和现有体系存在的问题。此外借鉴国际上一些发达国家先进成熟的养老服务体系建设经验,为我国养老服务体系发展和完善提出建设性意见。随着经济的发展和社会结构、家庭结构的变化,靠单一的养老服务主体已无法满足全体老年人多样化的养老服务需求,因此我们必须调动各方面的力量,以老年人的需求为导向,以政府为主导将个人、家庭、政府、社区、机构等多方主体有机结合起来,以家庭养老服务为基础、社区居家养老服务为核心、机构集中养老服务为辅助,构建多层次、多元化的养老服务体系,提供全方位的养老服务。本文在第一部分分析了我国老龄化的严峻形势,总结归纳了已有的文献研究对养老服务体系的看法；第二部分阐述了养老服务体系的相关概念及理论依据；第三部分对对养老服务供给与需求进行分析,通过问卷调查的方法分析老年人的需求,并研究如何使老年服务的供给与需求实现平衡；第四部分介绍了我国养老服务体系各模式现有发展的状况与存在问题；第五部分则介绍了发达国家养老服务体系发展的历程,着重总结英国、日本、新加坡、美国等具有代表性的国家在养老服务中的先进模式及经验；最后一部分结合经验教训,针对问题提出了相关的建议和解决措施,从而在我国构建多层次多元化的养老服务体系。
[Abstract]:Since China entered the aging society in 2005, the number of the elderly population in China has maintained a high growth rate, and in recent years, the number of the elderly population has reached a peak. In 2013, there were 131 million elderly people over 65 years old in our country. It accounts for 9.7 percent of China's total population. In addition to the characteristics of a large base, the elderly population in our country also has the characteristics of rapid growth, disability, aging, aging before wealth, and uneven regional distribution. To a certain extent, these characteristics have aggravated the aging process of the population in our country. Aging has become a very prominent problem in the future development of China. In order to deal with this long-term challenge, this paper bases on the construction of the current urban old-age service system, and deeply studies the structure and operation mechanism of the current urban old-age service system. Taking the result of questionnaire survey in Changzhou as an example, this paper analyzes the reasons of the imbalance between supply and demand and the problems existing in the existing system from the two aspects of the demand and supply of urban old-age service. In addition, the author draws lessons from the advanced and mature experiences of some developed countries in the construction of the pension service system, and puts forward constructive suggestions for the development and improvement of the old-age service system in China. With the economic development and social structure, family structure changes, relying on a single pension services can no longer meet the diversified needs of the elderly, so we must mobilize all aspects of the force, Guided by the needs of the elderly and led by the government, the individual, the family, the government, the community, the institution and other subjects are organically integrated, based on the family old-age service, and the community home old-age service as the core. The institution centralizes the old-age service as the assistance, constructs the multilevel, the multiplex pension service system, provides the omnidirectional pension service. In the first part of this paper, the austere situation of aging in China is analyzed, and the views of the existing literature on the old-age service system are summarized, the second part expounds the related concepts and theoretical basis of the old-age service system. The third part analyzes the supply and demand of the old-age service, analyzes the demand of the elderly by questionnaire, and studies how to balance the supply and demand of the old-age service. The fourth part introduces the current situation and existing problems of the various modes of the old-age service system in our country, the fifth part introduces the course of the development of the old-age service system in the developed countries, focusing on summing up the United Kingdom, Japan, Singapore, The United States and other representative countries in the advanced mode and experience in old-age services; the last part of the experience and lessons, to put forward the relevant suggestions and solutions to the problem, so as to build a multi-level and diversified pension service system in China.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6

【参考文献】