基于主体责任的养老服务社会化问题及解决路径

发布时间：2018-05-16 22:19

本文选题：人口老龄化 + 养老服务　；参考：《山东财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪80年代,我国的养老服务刚刚起步,到21世纪初,养老服务的发展已有一定的规模。目前,我国的养老模式主要有三种:一是比较传统的家庭养老,二是相对社会化的机构养老,比如养老院,三是以社区为依托的社区养老。随着我国人口老龄化的快速发展,我国家庭结构的变化,越来越多的家庭是独生子女,独居老人也在增多,传统的家庭养老的功能在逐渐地弱化,人们对养老的需求也在增加;就社区养老而言,其服务项目和规模都有限,在老年人需求越来越多的今天,已经无法满足;就机构养老而言,其运行主要依靠政府,由政府主导兴办一些养老机构占60%,但是随着养老需求的逐渐多样化,政府资金不足越发明显。之前的养老模式都存在缺点和不足,需要探讨更具有现实意义的养老模式。而如今,在社会福利社会化的情况下,从西方发达国家对养老服务问题的解决上来看,走社会化的道路是个大趋势,也是必然的历史选择,只有这样才能解决老年人需求和供给之间的矛盾。鉴于以上分析,本文从我国人口老龄化的背景入手,分析我国目前存在的养老方式即家庭养老、社区养老以及机构养老面临的严峻问题,提出了解决我国目前面临的严峻问题的最佳途径是实现社会养老服务社会化,本文在主体责任的分析视角下,分析了西方国家关于养老服务问题的解决办法和成功经验,指出,在当前各国积极推进“社会福利社会化”的最新社会形势下,养老服务社会化也应成为我国的首要选择,养老服务社会化的内涵是很丰富的,要求多元化的投资主体,多样化的服务形式,服务内容、服务对象覆盖全社会需要保障的老人,以及市场化的运行机制等等。我们在借鉴国外经验的基础上,结合我国的实际情况,在继续发挥政府主导地位的基础上,要鼓励社会各界人士的积极参与,发挥作为载体的社区的能动作用,充分利用我们现在拥有的资源,走养老服务社会化的道路。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 21st century, the development of pension service has been on a certain scale. At present, there are three types of old-age support in China: one is the traditional family old-age care, the other is the relatively socialized institutional old-age care, such as nursing home, and the third is the community-based old-age care based on the community. With the rapid development of aging population and the change of family structure, more and more families are only children, the elderly living alone are also increasing, the function of traditional family pension is weakening gradually, and the demand for the aged is also increasing. As far as community old-age care is concerned, its service items and scale are limited. Today, when the needs of the elderly are increasing, it can no longer be met. As far as institutional pension is concerned, its operation mainly depends on the government. Some government-led pension institutions account for 60%, but with the gradual diversification of pension demand, the lack of government funds is becoming more and more obvious. There are shortcomings and shortcomings in the previous pension models, which need to be explored in a more realistic sense. Now, in the context of the socialization of social welfare, from the perspective of solving the problem of old-age services in western developed countries, the path of socialization is a major trend and an inevitable historical choice. Only in this way can the contradiction between the demand and supply of the elderly be solved. In view of the above analysis, this paper begins with the background of aging population in our country, and analyzes the severe problems existing in our country's current old-age pension, namely, family old-age, community old-age and institutional old-age care. This paper puts forward that the best way to solve the severe problems facing our country is to realize the socialization of social pension service. From the perspective of main body responsibility, this paper analyzes the solutions and successful experiences of western countries on the problem of old-age service, and points out that, Under the latest social situation in which various countries actively promote "socialization of social welfare", the socialization of old-age service should also become the first choice in our country. The connotation of socialization of old-age service is very rich and requires diversified investment subjects. Diversified service form, service content, service object covers the old people who need to be protected by the whole society, as well as the market operation mechanism and so on. On the basis of drawing lessons from foreign experience, combining with the actual situation in our country, on the basis of continuing to give play to the leading position of the government, we should encourage the active participation of people from all walks of life in the society and give play to the active role of the community as a carrier. Make full use of the resources that we have now, walk the road of socialization of endowment service.
【学位授予单位】：山东财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6

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