联合国维和行动中的大国因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 19:02

本文选题：联合国维和行动 + 成功因素　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：对联合国维和行动成功标准与影响因素的分析是对维和行动本身研究具有重要意义的内容。维和行动成功标准该如何确定则存在仁者见仁、智者见智的争议。诚然,对于一些维和行动,例如索马里第二期维和行动,卢旺达援助团,已经因为其造成的重大恶劣事件影响而公认为是失败的维和行动,而马其顿联预部队因为其达成了显而易见的使命被公认为是成功的维和行动。因此,除了少数效果非常明显的维和行动之外,绝大多数维和行动并不能够简单地划分为成功或者失败。由于每个维和行动的环境、使命都并不一样,因此想要制定一个适用于所有维和行动的判定标准是不合适且不切实际的。对维和行动是否成功的判定,虽然不同的既得利益者出于自身利益会作出不同的评判结论,但是针对维和行动本身而言,还是存在一些共同的要素,比如维和行动的目标是保护平民,监督停火、防止冲突再度爆发,实现和平进程,维和行动要遵循《联合国宪章》和维和三原则,等等。探讨影响联合国维和行动的成功因素是一个较为复杂的课题,但是在联合国机制框架内,我们认为,大国是维和行动成败因素中最为关键的因素。因为在目前权力至上的全球体系中,在联合国制度框架下依旧可以看到大国博弈的影子。不过,这样的博弈受到了联合国机制的约束,并不表现为直接对抗,而是体现在像维和行动这样的联合国工作的成功与否上。大国博弈影响着维和行动的成功达成,一般来说,其影响路径主要有四个方面,一是大国干预对维和行动的主导权,二是大国依赖使用强制性武力,三是大国热衷滥用人道主义干预和保护责任,四是大国往往缺乏公平正确的政治意图,其行动多以维护自身的战略利益为根本出发点。因此,这就要求在联合国维和行动中,大国作为权力的载体,不应一味以权力换利益,而是应该肩负起更大的责任,联合国维和行动离不开各会员国,尤其是大国的支持。
[Abstract]:The analysis of the success criteria and influencing factors of United Nations peacekeeping operations is of great significance to the study of peacekeeping operations themselves. How to determine the success criteria of peacekeeping operations is controversial. It is true that for some peacekeeping operations, such as Somalia II, the Rwanda Assistance Mission has been recognized as a failed peacekeeping operation because of the impact of the major and egregious events it has caused, UNPREDEP was recognized as a successful peacekeeping operation for its obvious mission. Therefore, the vast majority of peacekeeping operations, with the exception of a few very visible ones, cannot be simply classified as successes or failures. Because the mission is different from each other, it is not appropriate and impractical to establish a criterion that can be applied to all peacekeeping operations. Although different vested interests may come to different conclusions as to the success of peacekeeping operations, there are still some common elements for peacekeeping operations themselves. For example, the objectives of peacekeeping operations are to protect civilians, to supervise ceasefire, to prevent the recurrence of conflicts, to realize the peace process, and to follow the Charter of the United Nations and the three principles of peacekeeping, and so on. It is a complex subject to explore the factors that influence the success of UN peacekeeping operations. However, within the framework of UN mechanism, we believe that the most critical factor in the success or failure of UN peacekeeping operations is the great power. Because in the current global system of the supremacy of power, under the framework of the United Nations system, we can still see the shadow of the great power game. However, such a game is constrained by the UN mechanism, not in direct confrontation, but in the success of UN work such as peacekeeping operations. Power game affects the successful achievement of peacekeeping operations. Generally speaking, there are four main ways of its influence, one is the dominant power of the great powers' intervention in peacekeeping operations, the other is the dependence of the great powers on the use of coercive force. Third, the big countries are keen to abuse the humanitarian intervention and the responsibility to protect, the fourth is that the big countries often lack fair and correct political intention, and their actions are based on safeguarding their own strategic interests as the basic starting point. Therefore, this requires that in UN peacekeeping operations, the great powers, as carriers of power, should not blindly exchange power for interests, but should shoulder greater responsibilities. United Nations peacekeeping operations cannot be separated from the support of member States, especially big countries.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D813.2

【相似文献】