政府购买社区养老服务法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-13 15:18

【摘要】：随着老龄化问题逐渐凸显,如何更好地解决养老问题,使老年人能够安度晚年又不离开他们生活的社区,是政府面临的一个重大挑战。随着家庭结构的变化,家庭养老功能弱化,而我国未富先老的国情又导致机构养老势必力不从心,政府购买社区养老服务符合传统与国情,成本低于机构养老,将成为解决养老问题的有效途径。该文研究了几个典型国家相关制度的发展状况和特点,试图对我国政府购买社区养老服务制度的构建有所启发。通过对国内外相关制度的现状进行比较,提出我国目前政府购买社区养老服务中的问题,并寻求解决方法。第一部分对政府购买社区养老服务进行理论分析,介绍了政府购买社区养老服务的相关概念,目前学界关于社区养老的概念并不明确,着重区分了社区养老与社会养老和居家养老的不同之处。对政府购买社区养老服务的理论基础进行了论证,分析了该制度开展的可行性和实施后的功效。第二部分,对英国、日本和美国相关制度的产生和发展作出介绍,重点分析国外相关制度的特点,以期对我国政府购买社区养老服务制度的完善产生启示。第三部分,介绍了目前我国政府购买社区养老服务的现状,对一般模式进行分析,并对我国南京、宁波、大连和上海在具体试点的实践中,产生的符合一般模式但又具有地方特色的实践模式进行介绍,以期对政府购买社区养老服务制度的推广提供镜鉴。最后通过国内外制度的比较分析提出我国目前存在的问题。第四部分,对我国政府购买社区养老服务制度的目前存在的问题提出建议。应当完善立法,建立明确的责任关系,统一政府购买的模式,建立更严格更全面的监督体系,并在资金方面保障我国政府购买社区养老服务制度能够持续实行。
[Abstract]:With the aging problem becoming more and more prominent, it is a major challenge for the government to solve the problem of the aged better, so that the elderly can spend their old age without leaving the community where they live. With the change of family structure, the function of family old-age support is weakened, and the national condition of old age before becoming rich in our country will lead to the inability of institutional old-age care. The government's purchase of community pension service conforms to the traditional and national conditions, and the cost is lower than that of institutional old-age care. It will become an effective way to solve the pension problem. This paper studies the development and characteristics of relevant systems in several typical countries, and attempts to enlighten the construction of the community pension service system purchased by our government. By comparing the current situation of related systems at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the problems in the government purchase of community old-age care services in our country at present, and looks for solutions. The first part of the government to buy community pension services theoretical analysis, introduced the government to buy community pension services related concepts, the current academic community on the concept of community pension is not clear, The difference between community pension and social pension and home pension is emphatically distinguished. This paper demonstrates the theoretical basis of the government purchasing community pension service, analyzes the feasibility of the system and its effect after implementation. The second part introduces the emergence and development of the relevant systems in Britain, Japan and the United States, focusing on the analysis of the characteristics of the relevant systems abroad, with a view to providing enlightenment to the improvement of the community pension service system purchased by our government. In the third part, the author introduces the current situation of our government purchasing community old-age service, analyzes the general mode, and gives a practical example of Nanjing, Ningbo, Dalian and Shanghai. The practical models which accord with the general model but have local characteristics are introduced in order to provide a mirror for the government to purchase the community pension service system. Finally, through the comparative analysis of the domestic and foreign systems, the existing problems in China are put forward. The fourth part, puts forward the suggestion to our country government to purchase the community endowment service system present existence question. We should perfect the legislation, establish a clear responsibility relationship, unify the mode of government purchase, establish a more strict and comprehensive supervision system, and ensure that the government purchase community pension service system can be carried out continuously in terms of funds.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6

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