老年人眼中的养老院:现状和出路——基于老年人需求层次和社会分层理论

发布时间：2018-10-05 16:25

【摘要】：文章基于马斯洛的需求层次理论和社会分层理论,利用2014年中国老年人社会追踪调查数据,采用二元Logistic模型分析了影响老年人整体、老年高知阶层、老年工人阶层和老年个体阶层对养老院印象的因素。研究总体上反映出老年人对养老院又期待又担忧的心情。从需求来看,患有慢性病的老年人、担心自己的认知功能衰退的老年人、对生活满意的老年人、主要收入来源依靠非正式支持的老年人、女儿少的老年人、对养老机构较为了解的老年人、感觉因为增龄受到社会排斥的老年人、自我评价健康的老年人、希望能够为社会做贡献的老年人更有可能对养老院存在好印象。从社会阶层来看,老年高知阶层存在着强烈的受尊重需要,老年工人阶层存在着需求均衡、需求容易满足等特点,老年个体阶层的需求更为具体、更为多样化。文章最后针对研究结论提出养老院持续发展的出路。
[Abstract]:Based on Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs and social stratification, using the data of the 2014 Chinese Social tracking Survey of the elderly, this paper uses the dual Logistic model to analyze the influence of the elderly as a whole and the senior knowledge class of the elderly. The factors affecting the impression of the elderly workers and the elderly individual class on the nursing home. The study in general reflects the elderly's anticipation and anxiety about nursing homes. In terms of needs, the elderly with chronic diseases, those who are worried about their cognitive decline, those who are satisfied with their lives, those whose income comes mainly from informal support, and those who have fewer daughters, The elderly who know more about the old-age institutions feel that the elderly who are excluded by the society because of the increasing age, the elderly who self-evaluate the health of the elderly, the elderly who hope to contribute to the society are more likely to have a good impression on the nursing home. From the point of view of social stratum, there is a strong need to be respected in the senior knowledge class, the needs of the elderly workers are balanced, the demand is easy to meet, and the needs of the elderly individual stratum are more specific and diversified. Finally, the article puts forward the way out for the sustainable development of nursing home in the light of the conclusion of the study.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学社会与人口学院老年学研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目资助:“我国养老保障体系应对人口老龄化挑战的对策研究”,项目批准号:13&ZD164
【分类号】：D669.6

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