黑龙江省城市社区养老服务问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-22 06:39

【摘要】：我国是世界上人口老龄化速度最快、规模最大、挑战最严峻的国家之一,如何在“未富先老”“未备先老”和“少子高龄化”的背景下,让每一位老人有备而老、实现健康的老龄化,考验的是政府管理、社会治理和家庭应对的能力。黑龙江省呈现出老龄人口基数大、增长快、高龄化趋势明显等特点。截至2014年底,黑龙江省60周岁以上老年人己达到608.9万,占人口总数的15.8%；预计到2020年,老年人口将达到765万,老龄化水平达到19%；到2045年,老年人口将超过1164万,老龄化水平达到33%以上,社会养老负担在不断加重。近年来,在各地、各有关部门和社会各界共同努力下,黑龙江省社区养老服务全面拓展,养老服务设施建设加快,养老机构床位总量明显增加,养老保障政策不断完善,社区养老服务业发展态势良好。黑龙江省政府管理部门以及社会组织机构,都应高度重视社区养老服务事业的发展,为老年人打造健康的养老环境,提供优质的养老服务,让老年人感受到社会和家庭的关爱。为了切实有效解决黑龙江省城市社区养老目前所面临的问题,论文以社区照顾理论、需求层次理论和福利多元主义等相关理论为研究基础,采用文献分析法、定性分析法和定量分析法,通过查阅资料,收集和整理相关文献综述,对黑龙江省社区养老服务的现状和问题进行深入的了解。黑龙江省老龄化态势愈发严峻,社区养老服务发展中矛盾和问题也愈发突出,社区养老服务组织体系尚未衔接和规范、养老服务意识薄弱、养老资金缺乏且来源单一、养老服务人员专业化水平低,社区养老的基础设施条件较为落后等问题亟待解决。同时借鉴国内外城市社区养老服务的有益经验,针对黑龙江省城市社区养老服务的养老模式、供给能力、保障体系、支撑体系、“互联网+养老”行动等方面,提出符合黑龙江省实际情况的、有效促进城市社区养老服务发展的建议。
[Abstract]:China is one of the countries with the fastest aging population, the largest scale and the most serious challenge in the world. Under the background of "getting old before getting rich," getting old before you prepare, "and" aging young children, "we should ensure that every old man is prepared and old. To achieve healthy ageing, the test is government management, social governance and the ability of families to cope. Heilongjiang Province presents a large aging population base, rapid growth, aging trend is obvious and so on. By the end of 2014, the number of elderly people over the age of 60 in Heilongjiang Province had reached 6.089 million, accounting for 15.8 percent of the total population. It is expected that by 2020, the elderly population will reach 7.65 million and the aging level will reach 1919. By 2045, the elderly population will exceed 11.64 million. The aging level reaches more than 33%, and the burden of social pension is increasing. In recent years, with the joint efforts of all relevant departments and various sectors of the society, the community pension services in Heilongjiang Province have been comprehensively expanded, the construction of old-age service facilities has been accelerated, the total number of beds in pension institutions has increased significantly, and the old-age security policy has been continuously improved. The community endowment service industry develops well. Heilongjiang provincial government management departments and social organizations should attach great importance to the development of community pension services for the elderly to create a healthy environment for the aged provide quality pension services so that the elderly feel the care of society and family. In order to effectively solve the problems faced by the urban community pension in Heilongjiang Province, the paper takes the theory of community care, the theory of hierarchy of needs and the theory of welfare pluralism as the research basis, and adopts the literature analysis method. Qualitative analysis method and quantitative analysis method, through consulting data, collecting and sorting out the relevant literature review, the status quo and problems of community pension service in Heilongjiang Province are deeply understood. The situation of aging in Heilongjiang Province is becoming more severe, the contradictions and problems in the development of community pension services are also becoming more prominent, the organizational system of community pension services has not yet been connected and standardized, the awareness of pension services is weak, the pension funds are lacking and the source is single. The professional level of old-age service personnel is low, and the infrastructure conditions of community old-age care are relatively backward, and so on. At the same time, referring to the beneficial experience of the urban community old-age service at home and abroad, aiming at the pension model, supply capacity, security system, supporting system, "Internet old-age care" action of the urban community old-age care service in Heilongjiang Province, Some suggestions are put forward to promote the development of urban community pension service in accordance with the actual situation in Heilongjiang Province.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.6

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