山西省农村老年人养老模式问题研究

发布时间：2019-03-02 12:17

【摘要】：现如今中国正处在一个社会经济结构升级的重要时刻,“未富先老”情形的出现将成为我国经济发展的重大阻碍,考虑到老年人口中一多半是农村人口,因此解决养老问题的突破口就落在农村老年人身上,要站在农村老年人的角度去探讨养老模式的合理与否,尊重他们对养老模式的偏好。尽管养老问题是全世界共同面临的重大难题,但由于不同地区间存在着区域差异,老年人的养老意愿也存在着一定差异,本文从中部省份和农村地区出发,弥补了所研究区域的薄弱环节,同时也更注重养老模式的整体构建,并非仅针对问题逐条提出建议。本文对山西省现行几种养老模式的现状及存在的问题做出了具体阐述。为了能对农村居民的养老意愿做出科学的模型分析,笔者采用调查研究法和实证分析法,得出了对养老意愿影响较为显著的因素,根据这一分析结果将以往单一的养老模式转化为综合型的养老模式,即以自我养老、家庭养老为根基、以社会养老为依托、以商业养老保险为补充。为推进科学合理养老模式的实行,首先要重视养老的本质,继续发挥家庭养老的基础作用,将经济供养、生活照料、精神慰藉都落到实处;其次要提倡身体较为健康和有一定经济实力的农村老年人负责自己的生活起居,也可开展“企业式自我养老”;再次,在社会养老保险方面,要尽快形成基础养老金变动机制,并适当调整资金的筹集模式,使有限的养老资源最大程度地发挥作用;第四,要引入新型的机构养老观、开创公办民营或互帮互助的模式,动员社会各方面力量为养老事业做出贡献;最后,去除农村中商业养老保险的“真空区”,通过创新服务模式、加强司法保护等措施激发农民的潜在需求,为农民提供符合其养老需求和支付能力的养老保险产品。
[Abstract]:At present, China is at an important moment in the upgrading of its socio-economic structure, and the emergence of the situation of "not getting rich before getting old" will become a major obstacle to our economic development. Considering that more than half of the elderly population is rural population, Therefore, the breakthrough to solve the problem of providing for the aged falls on the elderly in rural areas. It is necessary to discuss whether the old-age model is reasonable or not and respect their preference for the old-age model from the perspective of the old-age in rural areas. Although the problem of old-age support is a major problem faced by the whole world, but because of the regional differences among different regions, there are also some differences in the elderly's willingness to provide for the aged. This article starts from the central provinces and rural areas. It makes up for the weakness of the research area, and pays more attention to the overall construction of the old-age model, not only to the point-by-point suggestions. In this paper, the present situation and existing problems of several old-age models in Shanxi province are expounded in detail. In order to make a scientific model analysis of the rural residents' willingness to provide for the aged, the author uses the method of investigation and research and empirical analysis to find out the factors that have a significant impact on the will of the aged. According to the results of this analysis, the former single old-age model is transformed into a comprehensive old-age model, that is to say, it is based on self-supporting, family-based, social-based, and supplemented by commercial old-age insurance. In order to promote the implementation of the scientific and reasonable old-age mode, first of all, we should attach importance to the essence of the old-age, continue to play the basic role of family old-age support, and put economic support, life care, spiritual comfort into reality; Secondly, it is necessary to advocate the rural elderly who are healthy and have certain economic strength to take charge of their daily life, but also to carry out "enterprise self-support"; Thirdly, in the aspect of social old-age insurance, the basic pension mechanism should be formed as soon as possible, and the fund-raising mode should be adjusted appropriately to make the limited old-age resources play their role to the greatest extent. Fourth, it is necessary to introduce a new concept of institutional retirement, create a public-run private or mutual help model, mobilize all aspects of the community to contribute to the old-age cause; Finally, remove the "vacuum zone" of commercial old-age insurance in rural areas, through the innovation of service mode, strengthen judicial protection and other measures to stimulate farmers' potential needs, to provide farmers with pension insurance products in line with their needs for the elderly and the ability to pay.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.6

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