国家利益与美国人才吸引战略发展中的制约因素分析

发布时间：2018-03-31 11:41

本文选题：美国国家利益　切入点：移民政策　出处：《求是学刊》2013年04期

【摘要】：在美国学界关于国家利益的研究中,对外安全战略一直是关注的焦点,而与美国社会经济发展和国民福祉等相关的国家利益的研究一直受到冷落。具有传统的外来移民问题是美国国家利益的组成部分,其中的人才吸引战略也未被纳入国家利益研究的视域之下。从美国移民政策和人才吸引战略的历史看,在不同的时期,决策者对于移民政策服务主旨的认识判断不同,导致移民政策服务的国家利益内涵不同。在移民政策体系之内,家庭团聚、难民和包括人才吸引在内的就业类移民条款并行不悖,彼此处于一种既竞争又相互补充的对立统一的矛盾共同体之中,它们各自服务于美国国家利益的不同层面,但是在人才吸引方面又殊途同归。当然,在美国国内,与人才吸引思想相对立还有保护美国本土劳工各项就业权益和人才培养的主张。它们在一定程度上对美国吸引外来人才具有抑制性作用。总之,以上诸种因素的制约使美国人才吸引战略处于对美国人才资源开发的从属性补充地位。这是我们认识美国人才吸引战略的基本前提。
[Abstract]:In the study of national interests in American academic circles, the foreign security strategy has always been the focus of attention, while the study of national interests related to the social and economic development and the national welfare of the United States has been neglected.The traditional immigration problem is an integral part of the national interest of the United States, and the talent attraction strategy is not included in the perspective of the national interest study.From the history of American immigration policy and talent attraction strategy, in different periods, the policy makers' different cognition and judgment on the main purpose of immigration policy service lead to the different connotation of national interest of immigration policy service.Within the immigration policy system, family reunification, refugees and employment immigration provisions, including talent attraction, go hand in hand, in a contradictory community of opposites that are both competitive and complementary.They serve different levels of America's national interest, but in terms of talent attraction, they do the same thing.In the United States, of course, opposing the idea of talent attraction also protects the employment rights and talent training of native American workers.To some extent, they have an inhibitory effect on attracting foreign talent to the United States.In short, the constraints of these factors make the strategy of talent attraction in the United States supplementary to the development of American talent resources.This is our understanding of the U. S. talent attraction strategy of the basic premise.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学美国研究所;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题“中西文明历史经验中的公共社会价值观研究”
【分类号】：D771.2;C964.712

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