甲骨文、金文字形与商代手工业研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 06:16

本文选题：甲骨文　切入点：金文　出处：《陕西师范大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 商代的手工业已十分发达,出现了较为细致的分工。前辈学者在这方面也做了大量的研究,但主要是从古文献资料和考古发掘方面对其进行的探索。而甲骨文、金文等古文字作为当时的社会遗存,其文字字形形象地反映了当时社会的实际情况,其本身为研究商代的手工业提供了十分丰富的资料。而从这方面对商代手工业进行探索的文章尚不多见。因而笔者从甲骨文、金文字形入手,同时结合文献、考古资料及民俗学等相关知识对其作一系统探讨。本文共分为四个部分。第一部分为绪论,对商代手工业的研究现状和研究意义进行了分析,同时对本文所用的方法和材料进行了叙述,并对甲骨文字进行了一些说明。第二部分为文章的主体部分,分别从甲骨文、金文等古文字字形出发,对青铜冶铸业、建筑业、纺织业、木器制作业、酿酒业和制盐业等手工业部门进行了细致的研究。可以看出,商代的采矿、熔铸技术已十分发达,能按一定的铜锡比例制出种类繁多的青铜器产品；殷人的建筑形制多样,并掌握了夯土、版筑术及测定方位等技术；纺织方面,殷人已养蚕制丝,并懂得缫丝、练丝等技术,有一定的纺织工具,能织出精美的衣、帛等织物；殷人已能造出形制完备、结实耐用的陆上、水上交通工具车子和舟船以及耒耜等农具；殷人的酿酒技术高超,能够酿造不同种类的酒,并能够制盐,在甲骨文中称“卤”,由“卤小臣”管理之。第三部分对商代手工业中的劳动者和管理体制进行了分析,可以看出在商代对手工业劳动者有一定的编制和专门机构进行管理；从甲骨文中的“贝”系字可以看出殷商时的部分手工业产品已用于交换。第四部分是对本文的总结,对商代手工业的重要性及本文所述手工业的各个方面进行了概括。通过从古文字方面对殷商手工业进行系统的研究,一方面可以得知商代的手工业部门繁多,且十分发达,为周代手工业的进一步发展奠定了基础。另一方面,与其它资料结合进一步印证了甲骨文、金文等古文字珍贵的史料价值。
[Abstract]:The handicraft industry of the Shang Dynasty has been well developed and there has been a more detailed division of labor. Previous scholars have also done a lot of research in this field, but mainly from the aspects of ancient documents and archaeological excavations. As a relic of the society at that time, the ancient characters such as Jin Wen reflected the actual situation of the society at that time. It provides abundant information for the study of the handicraft industry of Shang Dynasty, but there are few articles to explore the handicraft industry in Shang Dynasty from this aspect. Therefore, the author starts with oracle bone inscriptions and gold inscriptions, and combines with the literature at the same time. Archaeological materials and folklore and other relevant knowledge to make a systematic discussion. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is the introduction, the research status and significance of the Shang Dynasty handicraft industry are analyzed, and the methods and materials used in this paper are described. The second part is the main part of the article, starting from the ancient characters such as oracle bone inscription and gold inscription, the author of this paper deals with the bronze smelting and casting industry, the construction industry, the textile industry, and the woodmaking industry. The handicraft industry departments such as brewery and salt industry have carried out careful research. It can be seen that the mining and melting and casting techniques of Shang Dynasty are very developed, and they can produce a wide variety of bronze products according to a certain proportion of copper and tin. They have mastered such techniques as ramming earth, building plates, and measuring azimuth; in the textile field, Yin people have already raised silkworms and made silk, and have learned the techniques of silk reeling, silk training, and so on. They have certain textile tools that can weave fine garments, silk, and other fabrics; the Yin people have been able to make complete shapes. Durable land, water transport vehicles, boats, boats, and other agricultural tools; Yin people are highly skilled in making wine of different kinds and can make salt. The third part analyzes the laborer and management system of handicraft industry in Shang Dynasty. It can be seen that some of the handicraft products of the Shang Dynasty have been used for exchange from the word "Bei" in the oracle bone inscriptions. Part 4th is a summary of the article, the importance of the handicraft industry in the Shang Dynasty and the various aspects of the handicraft industry described in this paper. Through the systematic research on the handicraft industry of Shang Dynasty from the ancient script, on the one hand, we can know that the handcraft industry of Shang Dynasty is numerous and very developed, which laid a foundation for the further development of handicraft industry in Zhou Dynasty, on the other hand, Combined with other materials, further confirmed the oracle bone inscriptions, gold inscriptions and other precious historical value.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K877.1

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