东北亚地区火炕源流考

发布时间：2018-03-09 01:19

本文选题：东北亚地区　切入点：火炕　出处：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：炕，一种可以烧火取暖的卧具。它用砖、石板或土坯砌成，，上面铺席，下有孔道与烟囱相通。炕的使用范围十分广泛，横贯我国东北至西北地区。然而，炕的使用不仅局限在我国，在俄罗斯东部沿海地区，朝鲜半岛以及日本西部沿海地区都有炕的存在。火炕的使用对人类生活的深远影响，以及在人们居住文化中所起的重要作用，引起了很多国家学者的关注，火炕的研究已经成为一个国际课题。目前学术界关于火炕起源问题说法不一，且国内学者关于这一问题的研究极少涉及，更多是研究火炕的发展过程。本文从语言学、民俗学、考古学三个方面分析梳理火炕的发展过程，以期进一步探讨火炕的起源问题。正文部分：分五章第一章，从语言学角度分析火炕。首先，从音韵学角度分析在东北亚地区曾经使用或今天仍在使用的各语言中“火炕”一词的读音来追溯其源起。其次，从中国历史文献中关于“炕”字的表述梳理其在文字上的发展过程。第二章，火炕产生条件及其定义。首先依据历史文献及考古学资料推测火炕产生的必备条件为定居生活及寒冷的气候。其次分析出土的火炕遗迹从类型学角度定义火炕及其雏形。第三章，各地区火炕遗迹的分期问题研究。首先将东北亚地区火炕遗迹依据地形分为平原、草原、山地丘陵三大区。其次，将每一地形区先秦至金元时期火炕遗迹依据形制特点分期。第四章，火炕形制研究。首先根据火炕烟道数量的不同，可将其分为单烟道、双烟道、三条或多条烟道三式。其次依据火炕平面形状分为曲尺形、“п”形、长方形及整面炕四型。第五章，各地域火炕的发展及相互影响。在第三、四章基础上，分析总结东北亚各地形区各民族之间火炕传播及其发展过程。
[Abstract]:Kang, a kind of bedding that can burn fire to keep warm. It is made of bricks, slabs or adobe, above the mat, with holes in the bottom and connected with the chimney. The Kang is widely used across the northeast to the northwest of our country. However, The use of Kang is not only confined to China, but also exists in the eastern coastal areas of Russia, the Korean Peninsula and the coastal areas of western Japan. The use of the Kang has a profound impact on human life. And the important role it plays in people's living culture has attracted the attention of scholars in many countries, and the study of the Kang has become an international topic. At present, the academic circles have different opinions on the origin of the fire Kang. This paper analyzes the development process of the Kang from three aspects of linguistics folklore and archaeology in order to further explore the origin of the Kang. Text: five chapters. The first chapter, from the linguistic point of view, analyzes the pronunciation of the word "Huokang" in the languages used or still used in Northeast Asia from the perspective of phonology. This paper combs the development process of Kang in Chinese historical literature. Chapter II, Based on the historical documents and archaeological data, it is inferred that the necessary conditions for the formation of the Kang are settled life and cold climate. Secondly, the unearthed relic of the Kang defines the Kang and its embryonic form from the perspective of typology. The third chapter, the study on the stages of the relic of the Kang in each region. Firstly, the relic of the Kang in Northeast Asia can be divided into three regions according to the topography: plain, grassland and mountainous hilly area. Secondly, According to the shape characteristics of each topographic area, the relic of the Kang was divided into stages from the pre-Qin to the Jin and Yuan dynasties. Chapter 4th, study on the shape of the Kang. Firstly, according to the different quantity of the flue, it can be divided into three types: single flue, double flue, three or more flue, and then according to the flat shape of the Kang, it can be divided into four types: curved shape, "zigzag" shape, rectangle and full-faced Kang. Chapter 5th, the development and mutual influence of the Kang in different regions. On the basis of the third and fourth chapters, this paper analyzes and summarizes the propagation and development process of the Kang among the nationalities in the terrain areas of Northeast Asia.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K86

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