论辽代汉人与《契丹藏》的雕印

发布时间：2018-04-15 11:01

本文选题：辽代 + 《契丹藏》　；参考：《贵州社会科学》2017年09期

【摘要】：《契丹藏》的刊印与流布是辽代佛教史乃至中国佛教史上的一件大事,综合山西应县木塔、河北丰润天宫寺塔的《契丹藏》实物资料与辽代的文献、石刻资料,可证《契丹藏》的雕印是官方行为,主要由辽朝政府出资,其刻经机构组织缜密,总领《契丹藏》雕印者多为燕京名刹大寺的汉人高僧,如诠明、觉苑、琼煦等,并在燕京设有专门机构"印经院",设"判官"一职,总体负责佛经雕印事宜,担任此职者多为汉人,印经院又下辖各个寺院,由各寺僧人承担提点、校勘、雕印等各项具体事务。《契丹藏》雕印过程中,官方力量是主流,而民间力量也积极辅助,如众多佛教信徒以无偿施助、"有偿"赎买的方式给予资金支持,各种刻经组织和刻印经文的手工业作坊则提供相应技术支持。正是辽朝政府与燕京寺院、民间的鼎力合作,保证了《契丹藏》雕造质量精良。辽朝诸帝均不遗余力地推崇佛教,是因为佛教对于消除汉人与契丹统治民族间的对立与隔阂大有裨益,汉人为辽朝佛教事业发展的主要引领者,符合辽朝长治久安的需要。
[Abstract]:The publication and distribution of Qidan Tibet is a major event in the history of Buddhism in Liao Dynasty and in the history of Chinese Buddhism. It synthesizes the wooden pagoda in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province, the "Qidan Tibet" of the Temple Tower of Fengrun Tiangongsi in Hebei Province, and the documents of the Liao Dynasty, as well as the stone carving materials.The engraving seal of "Qidan Zang" is an official act, mainly funded by the Liao Dynasty government, and its engraving organization is meticulous. The chief engravings of "Qidan Tibet" are mostly high monks of the Han nationality of the Yenching Ming Ming, Chueh-yuan, Qiongxu, etc.In Yenching, there is a special agency, the Indo-Classical Institute, and the post of "Judge", who is generally responsible for Buddhist scripture engraving and printing. Most of them are Han Chinese, and the Indian Monastery is under the jurisdiction of various monasteries, and the monks of each temple assume the responsibility of proposing and collating.In the process of engraving, the official force is the mainstream, and the folk forces are also actively assisted. For example, many Buddhist believers give aid free of charge, "paid" to buy the way to give financial support.Various scripture organizations and scripture engraving workshops provide appropriate technical support.It was the Liao Dynasty government and Yanjing monastery, folk cooperation, to ensure the Qidan Tibet carving quality.The emperors of the Liao Dynasty all spared no effort to promote Buddhism because it was of great benefit to eliminate the antagonism and estrangement between the Han people and the Qidan ruling nation, and the Han people were the main leaders in the development of Buddhism in the Liao Dynasty, which met the needs of lasting stability in the Liao Dynasty.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学;吉林大学;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金第55批面上资助项目“辽代汉族士人研究”(2014M550161) 吉林大学种子基金项目“辽代汉官群体研究”(2015ZZ007)
【分类号】：K871.44

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