河南桐柏围山遗址坩埚炼铅技术初步研究
发布时间:2018-05-08 01:31
本文选题:坩埚炼铅 + 铁还原法 ; 参考:《南方文物》2017年02期
【摘要】:中国古代存在一种坩埚炼铅技术,即在坩埚中用铁从方铅矿取代出铅。近年来,在北方地区发现多处坩埚炼铅遗址,多为辽金元时期。本文对河南桐柏围山遗址出土的坩埚和坩埚渣样品进行了宏观和微观观察及化学分析。结果表明,围山所用的坩埚为圜底圆筒形罐,制作坩埚的主要原料是高岭土类原料,掺有高岭土粘土颗粒,有的还加有木炭或煤炭。坩埚渣的玻璃态基体中存在大量的石英颗粒,少量细小铅冰铜和铅颗粒,其中一个坩埚渣中存在大量的铁块,据此判断采用了铁还原法。另外还初步讨论了坩埚炼铅遗址的分布和年代问题。
[Abstract]:In ancient China, there was a kind of crucible lead smelting technology, that is to replace lead with iron from galena in crucible. In recent years, many crucible lead sites have been found in the northern region, mostly in the period of Liao and Jin Yuan. This paper made macroscopic and microscopic observation and chemical analysis of the crucible and crucible residue samples unearthed from the Tongbai peri mountain site in Henan. The crucible used is a cylindrical tank with a circular bottom. The main raw material for making the crucible is kaolin materials, clay particles in kaolin, and some also with charcoal or coal. There are a large number of quartz particles in the glass matrix of the crucible slag, a small amount of fine lead copper and lead particles, and a large amount of iron is found in the slag of one crucible. On the basis of this, judgment and mining are made. The iron reduction method is used. The distribution and age of the crucible lead smelting site are discussed preliminarily.
【作者单位】: 中国科学院自然科学史研究所;北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院;北京大学中国考古学研究中心;
【基金】:国家自然科学基金项目《中国古代坩埚炼铅技术初步研究》(No.514004214) 中国科学院自然科学史研究所重大突破项目《中国古代坩埚冶炼技术研究》(No.Y621011003) 国家文物局文物保护科技优秀青年研究计划“田野考古与文物保护信息采集与定量处理技术研究”(No.2014226)的资助
【分类号】:K878
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