美国乡村历史建筑的保护及启示

发布时间：2018-06-10 05:00

本文选题：乡村历史建筑 + 国家公园管理局　；参考：《中国农史》2014年04期

【摘要】：最初美国人对乡村历史建筑的保护源于爱国热情。然而,随着城市化及现代科技弊端的逐渐显现,美国乡村历史建筑保护的理念也被逐渐扩大,在保护文物价值的同时强调文化价值、景观价值、生态环境价值的综合保护。在保护机构方面,美国设置了一套从联邦到州,从内政部到农业部的一套责权明确、相互协调的保护体制,切实地保障了各项乡村历史建筑保护的政策法规在实践中得到有效推行。此外,美国还通过财税激励措施鼓励私人参与乡村历史保护,从而实现了参与主体的最大化。当前我国乡村正经历着一场现代化及城镇化的巨大变革,在此过程中,乡村历史建筑的保护问题亟待解决,对此可以在结合我国实际情况的基础上借鉴美国乡村历史保护的思想及制度标准,实现对我国乡村历史建筑及相关历史景观、生态环境的有效保护。
[Abstract]:The protection of rural historical buildings in the United States at first stemmed from patriotic zeal. However, with the gradual emergence of urbanization and the drawbacks of modern science and technology, the concept of protection of rural historical buildings in the United States has been gradually expanded, emphasizing the comprehensive protection of cultural value, landscape value and ecological environmental value while protecting the value of cultural relics. In terms of protection agencies, the United States has set up a set of well-defined and coordinated protection systems from the federal to the state, from the Ministry of the Interior to the Department of Agriculture. The policies and regulations for the protection of rural historical buildings have been effectively implemented in practice. In addition, the United States encourages private participation in rural history conservation through fiscal incentives, thus maximizing the participation of the main body. At present, the countryside in our country is undergoing a great transformation of modernization and urbanization. In this process, the protection of rural historical buildings needs to be solved urgently. On the basis of the actual situation of our country, we can draw lessons from the thought and system standard of American rural historical protection, and realize the effective protection of our country's rural historical buildings and related historical landscape and ecological environment.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学人文社会科学学院;
【基金】：教育部课题:中国农业文化遗产评估指标体系研究(KYZ200904) 江苏省高校哲学社会科学基地重大招标项目:江苏农业文化遗产调查研究(苏教社政[2010]1号)
【分类号】：K887.12

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