论证评估理论探析
发布时间：2018-09-08 16:55
【摘要】：本文以论证评估理论为研究对象，全文除去前言和余论，共计四章。 前言主要交代了本文选题的意义和动机。 作为导论，第一章对国内论证评估理论的研究现状作了梳理。纵观当代中国逻辑教材(经典的和新近出版的)和相关理论著作对论证评估理论的研究，总体情况是旧的评估理论比较粗糙，缺乏专门的、系统的理论建构，而新的理论研究尚处于起步阶段，在质和量两方面都显得非常贫乏，不仅缺乏独创性的成果，而且对国外相关理论的介绍和引入也不够全面、准确和深入。鉴于此，本文的任务首先就是力求准确地揭示出经典的论证评估理论之局限性的根源所在，然后通过对当代西方几个影响力较大的论证评估理论的比较分析，，尝试对论证评估的一些重要理论问题进行较深入的探讨，以期推动论证评估理论在当代中国的进一步发展。此外，导论还包括一些预备性的讨论，即对论证与论证评估这两个基本概念的简要说明。 第二章旨在考察经典的论证评估理论，揭示其存在的诸多问题。一方面，以演绎有效性作论证评估的核心标准具有很大的局限性，不能适应论证评估的需要。另一方面，当前若干新的理论尝试——在形式系统的框架内对有效性进行限制以及致力于研究非形式论证的当代论证理论对有效性概念进行修改——也无法满足论证评估的需要。 第三章集中介绍了以领域理论、语用辩证法和非形式逻辑为代表的当代论证理论在论证评估方面的主要思想及其基本理论框架。领域理论主张抛弃严格意义上的形式有效性标准，提倡在论证评估中应使逻辑学与认识论相结合，更多地注意到了论证所发生的领域及其实质方面，开辟了论证研究的新方向。语用辩证法对论辩的语用和辩证因素进行了深入的研究，尝试在现实性与理想性的统一、摹写与规范的统一的基础上建立系统的论证评估理论。非形式逻辑最初提出了论证评估的ARG标准体系(即前提的可接受性、前提对结论的相干性和充足性标准)，主张从“前提+结论”的角度对论证进行评估，后来约翰逊又对该理论作了重要发展，强调在评估中必须考察论证的“辩证层面”。 第四章以前述诸章的工作为基础，尤其是在非形式逻辑评估标准的基础上，进一步讨论了论证评估涉及的前提的性质、相干性与充足性等问题。对论证之前提的性质的把握，牵涉着前提的可接受性、真实性及二者的关系，而可接受性的问题进一步展开为接受什么、谁来接受、怎样接受诸方面的问题。可接受性强调
[Abstract]:This paper takes the theory of argumentation and evaluation as the research object, with the exception of the preface and the remainder, four chapters. The preface mainly explains the significance and motivation of this thesis. As an introduction, the first chapter combs the research status of domestic argumentation and evaluation theory. Throughout the study of the argumentation and evaluation theory in contemporary Chinese logic textbooks (classical and recently published) and related theoretical works, the overall situation is that the old evaluation theory is relatively rough, lacking of specialized and systematic theoretical construction. However, the new theoretical research is still in its infancy, which is very poor in both quality and quantity. It is not only lack of original achievements, but also the introduction and introduction of foreign related theories is not comprehensive, accurate and deep enough. In view of this, the task of this paper is to reveal the origin of the limitations of classical argumentation and evaluation theory accurately, and then through the comparative analysis of several influential argumentation and evaluation theories in contemporary western countries. This paper attempts to probe into some important theoretical issues of argumentation and evaluation in order to promote the further development of argumentation and evaluation in contemporary China. In addition, the introduction also includes some preparatory discussions, that is, a brief explanation of the two basic concepts of argumentation and argumentation evaluation. The second chapter aims to investigate the classical theory of argumentation and evaluation and reveal its problems. On the one hand, the core criterion of deductive validity evaluation has great limitations and can not meet the needs of argumentation evaluation. On the other hand, At present, some new theories try to limit the validity within the framework of formal system and modify the concept of validity in the contemporary argumentation theory, which is devoted to the study of non-formal argumentation-and can not meet the needs of argumentation and evaluation. The third chapter focuses on the main ideas and basic theoretical framework of contemporary argumentation theory represented by domain theory pragmatic dialectics and informal logic. The theory of domain advocates abandoning the formal validity standard in strict sense, advocating the combination of logic and epistemology in argumentation evaluation, paying more attention to the field and substance of argumentation, and opening up a new direction of argumentation research. Pragmatic Dialectics makes a deep study of pragmatics and dialectical factors of argumentation, and tries to establish a systematic theory of argumentation and evaluation on the basis of the unity of reality and ideality, and the unification of description and norm. Informal logic initially proposed the ARG standard system for demonstration and evaluation (i.e. the acceptability of the premise, the consistency and adequacy of the premise to the conclusion), and advocated the evaluation of the argument from the perspective of the "premise conclusion". Johnson later made an important development of the theory, emphasizing that the dialectical level of argumentation must be examined in the evaluation. The fourth chapter is based on the work of the preceding chapters, especially on the basis of the criteria of non-formal logic evaluation, and further discusses the properties, coherence and adequacy of the premises involved in the argumentation and evaluation. The understanding of the nature of the premise of argumentation involves the acceptability, authenticity and the relationship between the two, and the question of acceptability is further developed into what to accept, who to accept and how to accept the various aspects. Acceptability emphasis
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：B812
本文编号：2231120
[Abstract]:This paper takes the theory of argumentation and evaluation as the research object, with the exception of the preface and the remainder, four chapters. The preface mainly explains the significance and motivation of this thesis. As an introduction, the first chapter combs the research status of domestic argumentation and evaluation theory. Throughout the study of the argumentation and evaluation theory in contemporary Chinese logic textbooks (classical and recently published) and related theoretical works, the overall situation is that the old evaluation theory is relatively rough, lacking of specialized and systematic theoretical construction. However, the new theoretical research is still in its infancy, which is very poor in both quality and quantity. It is not only lack of original achievements, but also the introduction and introduction of foreign related theories is not comprehensive, accurate and deep enough. In view of this, the task of this paper is to reveal the origin of the limitations of classical argumentation and evaluation theory accurately, and then through the comparative analysis of several influential argumentation and evaluation theories in contemporary western countries. This paper attempts to probe into some important theoretical issues of argumentation and evaluation in order to promote the further development of argumentation and evaluation in contemporary China. In addition, the introduction also includes some preparatory discussions, that is, a brief explanation of the two basic concepts of argumentation and argumentation evaluation. The second chapter aims to investigate the classical theory of argumentation and evaluation and reveal its problems. On the one hand, the core criterion of deductive validity evaluation has great limitations and can not meet the needs of argumentation evaluation. On the other hand, At present, some new theories try to limit the validity within the framework of formal system and modify the concept of validity in the contemporary argumentation theory, which is devoted to the study of non-formal argumentation-and can not meet the needs of argumentation and evaluation. The third chapter focuses on the main ideas and basic theoretical framework of contemporary argumentation theory represented by domain theory pragmatic dialectics and informal logic. The theory of domain advocates abandoning the formal validity standard in strict sense, advocating the combination of logic and epistemology in argumentation evaluation, paying more attention to the field and substance of argumentation, and opening up a new direction of argumentation research. Pragmatic Dialectics makes a deep study of pragmatics and dialectical factors of argumentation, and tries to establish a systematic theory of argumentation and evaluation on the basis of the unity of reality and ideality, and the unification of description and norm. Informal logic initially proposed the ARG standard system for demonstration and evaluation (i.e. the acceptability of the premise, the consistency and adequacy of the premise to the conclusion), and advocated the evaluation of the argument from the perspective of the "premise conclusion". Johnson later made an important development of the theory, emphasizing that the dialectical level of argumentation must be examined in the evaluation. The fourth chapter is based on the work of the preceding chapters, especially on the basis of the criteria of non-formal logic evaluation, and further discusses the properties, coherence and adequacy of the premises involved in the argumentation and evaluation. The understanding of the nature of the premise of argumentation involves the acceptability, authenticity and the relationship between the two, and the question of acceptability is further developed into what to accept, who to accept and how to accept the various aspects. Acceptability emphasis
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：B812
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前3条
1 蔡广超;汉布林的谬误理论研究[D];华东师范大学;2007年
2 张延飞;兰州石化公司青年员工培训管理研究[D];西安理工大学;2007年
3 黄澄澄;论辩话语中的策略机动[D];浙江大学;2012年
本文编号：2231120
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