毛泽东的学习观及其当代价值研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 15:16

本文关键词： 学习观毛泽东文化强国学习型政党个体学习　出处：《华东政法大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：所谓毛泽东的学习观，是指毛泽东在实践中所形成的关于学习的系统观点，是对“什么是学习，为什么学习（学习目的），学习什么（学习内容），怎么学习（学习原则和学习方法）”等学习的基本问题的全面系统的科学解答。近代以来，随着西方资本主义列强的入侵，中国逐步沦为半殖民地半封建社会，社会主要矛盾也随之发生变化，如何救亡图存，以“求得民族独立和人民解放”、“实现国家繁荣富强和人民共同富裕”，是近代社会历史发展给中华民族提出的重要课题，这也是毛泽东学习观需要应对和解决的重大现实问题。而中国共产党领导的新民主主义革命、社会主义革命和社会主义建设的具体实践，为毛泽东学习观的形成和发展提供了现实土壤和实践基础。在理论来源上，马克思列宁主义对毛泽东学习观的形成起着决定性影响，中国传统文化对毛泽东学习观的形成也产生了重要影响。遵循毛泽东学习观形成发展的轨迹，可以大致将其分为以下几个阶段：萌芽阶段（早年求学时期—1927年）、基本形成阶段（1927—1935年）、成熟阶段（1935—1945年）、继续发展阶段（1946年—新中国成立后）。毛泽东学习观的主要内容如下：关于学习目的，探求救国救民的道路，改造中国与世界，这是毛泽东一生所遵循的学习目的。在新民主主义革命时期，学习的具体目的是为了推翻帝国主义、封建主义和官僚资本主义这三座大山的压迫，实现民族独立和人民解放。新中国成立后，，实现国家富强和人民共同富裕这一新的历史任务成为学习的主要目的。而这两大任务的最终目的也是为了实现人的全面发展，因而，加强对人的改造，培养能实现不同历史阶段重要任务的合格人才，这也是毛泽东关于学习教育的重要目的。当然，这也需要在全党范围加强学习，以提高全党的理论修养，建设大党，改善工作，提高党的凝聚力、战斗力，巩固党的执政地位，从而实现党在不同时期的目标和任务。要努力学习马克思列宁主义、学习历史文化知识、学习自然科学、学习经济工作和管理工作，这是毛泽东所倡导和强调的主要学习内容。理论和实际统一是毛泽东关于学习的根本原则，这一贯彻和落实到具体的学习活动过程中，又体现为他关于学习的根本方法。在这一根本原则和根本方法的指导下，毛泽东形成了一套有效学习的具体方法，如“自己看书、自己思索”、“共同讨论、共同研究”、“积久而成学”、发起“学习运动”、“建立起学习制度”等。毛泽东的学习观，对社会主义文化强国建设、对马克思主义学习型政党建设以及对个体学习都有十分重要的指导和启示作用。
[Abstract]:Mao Zedong's view of learning refers to the systematic view of learning formed by Mao Zedong in practice. It is about "what is learning and why (the purpose of learning, what is learning (learning content)". "how to learn (principles and methods of learning)" is a comprehensive and systematic scientific solution to the basic problems of learning. Since modern times, with the invasion of western capitalist powers, China has gradually become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The main social contradictions have also changed, how to save the nation and save the nation in order to "seek national independence and people's liberation" and "realize the prosperity of the country and the common prosperity of the people." It is an important subject put forward by the development of modern society and history to the Chinese nation, which is also the important realistic problem that Mao Zedong's learning view needs to deal with and solve. And the new democratic revolution led by the Communist Party of China (CPC). The concrete practice of socialist revolution and socialist construction provides the realistic soil and practical foundation for the formation and development of Mao Zedong's learning concept. Marxism-Leninism plays a decisive role in the formation of Mao Zedong's learning view, and Chinese traditional culture also has an important influence on the formation of Mao Zedong's learning view. It can be roughly divided into the following stages: the embryonic stage (early school period-1927, the basic formation stage of 1927-1935, the mature stage of 1935-1945). In 1946, after the founding of New China, the main contents of Mao Zedong's view of learning are as follows: on the purpose of learning, to explore the road to save the nation and save the people, and to reform China and the world. In the period of the New Democratic Revolution, the specific purpose of learning was to overthrow the oppression of the three great mountains of imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism. To realize national independence and people's liberation. The new historical task of realizing national prosperity and the common prosperity of the people has become the main purpose of learning, and the ultimate purpose of these two tasks is to realize the all-round development of human beings, therefore, to strengthen the transformation of human beings. It is also an important purpose of Mao Zedong's study and education to train qualified personnel who can realize the important tasks in different historical stages. Of course, it is also necessary to strengthen study in the whole party in order to improve the theoretical accomplishment of the whole party. To build a big party, to improve its work, to enhance its cohesion, combat effectiveness, and to consolidate its ruling position, so as to realize the party's objectives and tasks in different periods, it is necessary to study Marxism-Leninism and learn historical and cultural knowledge. Studying natural science, studying economic work and management work are the main contents of study advocated and emphasized by Mao Zedong. The unity of theory and practice is the fundamental principle of Mao Zedong's study. Under the guidance of this fundamental principle and method, Mao Zedong has formed a set of concrete methods of effective learning. For example, "read by yourself, think for yourself", "discuss together, study together", "learn from a long period of time", launch a "learning campaign", "establish a learning system", etc. Mao Zedong's view on learning. It plays an important role in guiding and enlightening the construction of socialist cultural power, the construction of Marxist learning party and individual learning.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A841

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