马克思群众思想的创立与社会主义从空想到科学的发展

发布时间：2018-02-28 16:10

本文关键词： 群众观唯物史观空想社会主义科学社会主义　出处：《社会主义研究》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：群众思想是唯物史观的基本观点,也是社会主义从空想到科学转变的重要基础。空想社会主义站在唯心史观的基本立场上,以资产阶级利益代表的身份出现,以人的理性为判断标准,来阐释其群众思想,试图通过和平途径实现所有人的解放,具有不可避免的历史和阶级局限性。在批判空想社会主义群众思想的基础上,马克思运用历史的、实践的方法和阶级分析方法,界定群众是"从事实际活动的人",揭示了群众的历史特征和时代特征,赋予了群众在历史发展和解放世界中的"主体性"地位和"目的性"价值,从而立足于"人的历史",发现并创立了唯物史观,立足于"人的劳动",发现并揭露了"剩余价值"及其秘密,立足于"群众的世界",建构了"人的解放"理论,遵循着"群众的世界",揭示了社会发展的一般路径,为社会主义从空想到科学的发展找到了真正的历史主体。
[Abstract]:The mass ideology is the basic view of historical materialism and the important basis for the transformation of socialism from emptiness to science. Utopian socialism stands on the basic stand of idealistic historical view and appears as the representative of bourgeois interests. On the basis of criticizing the ideologies of the utopian socialist masses, it is inevitable that people's rationality is taken as the criterion to interpret their mass thoughts and try to realize the liberation of all by peaceful means. By using historical and practical methods and class analysis methods, Marx defined the masses as "people engaged in practical activities" and revealed the historical and contemporary characteristics of the masses. It endows the masses with the status of "subjectivity" and "purpose" in the historical development and liberation of the world, thus based on the "history of man", and finds and establishes the historical materialism. Based on "human labor", the author discovers and exposes "surplus value" and its secret, based on "the world of the masses", constructs the theory of "human liberation", follows "the world of the masses", and reveals the general path of social development. For socialism from the empty to the development of science to find the real historical subject.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学政治与国际关系学院;
【基金】：2016年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“列宁和第二国际理论家关于资本主义发展趋势及未来社会实现路径的比较研究”(16BKS075) 湖北省高等学校马克思主义中青年理论家培养计划(第二批):“基于马克思主义民族化的视角重新审视列宁对第二国际的评价”(15ZD051)
【分类号】：A81

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