列斐伏尔日常生活批判的批判

发布时间：2018-03-01 09:35

本文关键词： 马克思主义哲学日常生活批判总体人空间哲学　出处：《安徽师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：马克思通过对现实生活的批评开创了一条新的哲学之路，从而实现了哲学史上的伟大变革。20世纪西方马克思主义的绝大多数学者，都曾试图在这一变革的基础上构建自己的哲学体系，列斐伏尔就是其中之一。列斐伏尔是法国马克思主义的一个中心人物，他所创立的日常生活批判体系与马克思异化理论有着不可割舍的联系，他起初力图沿着马克思的路径展开，然而由于其内在的根本缺陷，却走出一条异于马克思的独特之旅。列斐伏尔整个思想体系的演进可分为三个阶段。一是日常生活批判酝酿阶段。此时列斐伏尔将《1844年经济学哲学手稿》当成马克思最主要的著作加以肯定，并把马克思的异化理论作为自己的研究基点，对日常生活中的异化现象进行批判。这一时期，列斐伏尔虽然还没有正式开始日常生活批判理论体系的建构，但日常生活批判作为一个含糊的概念已经在“异化”现象研究的背景下首度出场。因而，这一阶段可以看作“日常生活批判的酝酿阶段”。二是日常生活批判理论体系的建构阶段。列斐伏尔在这一阶段，以异化为纽结将自己各方面的研究统摄在日常生活批判理论框架之内，提出了消亡现代资本主义的设想，从而建构了一个庞大的理论体系。三是日常生活批判的推进阶段，即列斐伏尔晚年思想的空间哲学阶段。以往有的学者把这一阶段看成是列斐伏尔思想的一次蜕变，是从日常生活批判理论研究中脱离出来，开辟的新领域。但是，如果依托于文本的表述，遵循列斐伏尔整个思想的发展脉络，运用体系内比对的方法，将会发现：空间哲学并不是一个新的独立的思想架构，而是日常生活批判体系内研究重心的转向，是对日常生活批判理论的推进，是日常生活批判的空间批判。通过对列氏思想体系的梳理，，我们发现，无论列斐伏尔的语言如何犀利尖锐，但他的日常生活批判仍停留在理论批判的范畴，仍是理论批判而非实践批判，所以他无法触及现代资本主义最本质的东西，而仅仅执着于“异化”的表层。因此，基于日常生活的异化而提出的“总体人”，以及针对现代资本主义社会全面异化提出的“总体革命”等方法，最终不过是法国马克思主义哲学的一场华美无果的狂欢。
[Abstract]:Marx created a new way of philosophy through his criticism of real life, thus realizing the great change in the history of philosophy and the great majority of scholars of Western Marxism in the 20th century. Lefefort, a central figure of French Marxism, has tried to build his own philosophical system on the basis of this transformation. The criticism system of daily life created by him has an indelible connection with Marx's alienation theory. At first, he tried to spread out along Marx's path, but because of its inherent fundamental defects, he walked out of a unique journey different from Marx's. The evolution of Lefefort's whole thought system can be divided into three stages. One is the stage of critique and brewing of daily life. At this time, Lefefort affirmed "the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844" as Marx's most important work. Marx's alienation theory is regarded as the basis of his own research to criticize the alienation phenomenon in daily life. In this period, although Lefeivoll has not formally started the construction of the theoretical system of daily life criticism, But the criticism of daily life, as a vague concept, has appeared for the first time under the background of the study of "alienation" phenomenon. This stage can be regarded as "the brewing stage of the critique of daily life". The second is the stage of constructing the theoretical system of critique of daily life. Taking alienation as a knot, the author unifies all aspects of his research within the framework of the critique theory of daily life, and puts forward the idea of dying out modern capitalism, thus constructing a huge theoretical system. Third, the stage of promoting the criticism of daily life. In the past, some scholars regarded this stage as a metamorphosis of Lefeivoll's thought, and it was a new field separated from the study of the critical theory of daily life. If we rely on the expression of the text, follow the development of Lefefort's whole thought, and apply the method of comparison within the system, we will find that space philosophy is not a new independent ideological framework. It is the shift of the research focus in the system of daily life criticism, the promotion of the theory of daily life criticism, and the space criticism of daily life criticism. By combing his thought system, we find that no matter how sharp and sharp his language is, his criticism of daily life is still in the category of theoretical criticism and is still theoretical criticism rather than practical criticism. So he couldn't get to the very essence of modern capitalism, but he just stuck to the surface of alienation. Based on the alienation of daily life, the "overall man" and the "overall revolution" put forward in view of the overall alienation of modern capitalist society are, in the end, but a splendid and fruitless carnival of French Marxist philosophy.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811;B089.1

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