马克思恩格斯对施蒂纳利己主义共产主义观的批判

发布时间：2018-03-13 17:34

本文选题：施蒂纳　切入点：利己主义　出处：《湖北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：麦克斯·施蒂纳从利己主义立场出发,把共产主义说成是"游民"状态,把共产主义社会人的状态说成是一种强制的劳动者状态,并把共产主义说成是爱的国家的光荣。马克思恩格斯对施蒂纳虚构的共产主义观进行了系统的批判。他们指出,把共产主义理解成社会占有并消灭个人的占有是一种逻辑虚构;共产主义是要消灭雇佣劳动,这样才能消灭市民的"操心"和无产者的贫困;共产主义并不是用自我牺牲来反对利己主义,把处于某特定历史阶段的某个阶级的意识当成普遍的人的意识,是错误的观念。在马克思恩格斯的价值观中,利己和尊重个人的价值不是一回事,肯定个体劳动的价值并不是肯定雇佣劳动,个体的价值和社会的价值不是相互对立的,人和物的价值的关系是随着历史的发展不断变化着的。因此,只有把价值观置于唯物史观和辩证法的视野下才能准确地回答马克思主义和道德价值的关系问题,并划清共产主义和其他不科学的社会历史学说的界限。
[Abstract]:Max Stirner from the standpoint of egoism, communism as the "homeless" state, the Communist society people's status as a compulsory labor state, and the Communist said to love the country's glory. Marx Engels made a systematic critique of Stirner's fictional view of communism. They that he understood communism into possession of possession and destroy the social individual is a kind of logic fiction; communism is to eliminate labor, so as to eliminate the "worry" and the poor; communism is not to oppose egoism with self sacrifice, put in a certain historical stage of the class as a general awareness of human consciousness, is the wrong concept. In Marx Engels's concept of value, egoism and respect for personal value is not the same, affirmation of the value of labor and Not sure labor, individual value and social value are not in opposition to each other, the relationship between man and material value is constantly changing with the development of history. Therefore, only to take values in historical materialism and dialectics from the perspective of the relationship between the Marx doctrine and answer the questions of moral value and draw accurately. Communism and other scientific theory of social and historical boundaries.

【作者单位】：湖北大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金资助项目:15BK S015
【分类号】：A811.1;B018

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