马克思对“历史终结论”的批判及当代意义

发布时间：2018-03-16 06:38

本文选题：马克思　切入点：“历史终结论”　出处：《当代世界与社会主义》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在苏东剧变进行过程中,福山以黑格尔"历史终结"的话语,宣称自由民主是人类政府的最终形式,是人类社会的最后形态。福山并没有真正彻底地把握黑格尔"历史终结论"的思想精髓。黑格尔所说的"历史终结"指的是绝对精神在实现其自由本性的过程中发展到"老年时代",即实现了个体主观自由与共同体客观自由的统一。但是,在黑格尔看来,原则的提出与原则的实现还不能等同。马克思对启蒙思想家们企图把资产阶级的自由竞争等同于"历史的终结"的主张进行了批判,指出自由竞争从本质上讲是资本间的自由竞争,而这种自由竞争本身就是一种限制:一方面,必然会导致资本主义经济危机的爆发;另一方面,劳动者自主性的活动得不到自由的发挥。因此,在马克思看来,资本主义的生产方式必然要被扬弃。
[Abstract]:In the course of the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and the East, Fukuyama declared freedom and democracy as the ultimate form of human government in the words of Hegel's "historical end". Fukuyama has not really grasped the essence of Hegel's theory of the end of History. What Hegel calls "the end of History" refers to the absolute spirit in the process of realizing its free nature. In the "old age", the unity of individual subjective freedom and community objective freedom has been realized. In Hegel's view, the proposition of principle and the realization of principle could not be equated. Marx criticized the ideas of enlightenment thinkers who tried to equate the free competition of the bourgeoisie with "the end of history". It is pointed out that free competition is essentially free competition among capital, and this kind of free competition itself is a kind of restriction: on the one hand, it will inevitably lead to the outbreak of capitalist economic crisis; on the other hand, Therefore, in Marx's view, the capitalist mode of production must be abandoned.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院;
【分类号】：A81;F091.91

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