马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的意识形态批判思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 11:15

本文选题：意识形态 + 抽象　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：《1844年经济学哲学手稿》(下文简称《1844年手稿》)自公开面世以来,就引起了学术界极大的关注和争论。从国外到国内,学者们对《1844年手稿》的争论主要围绕“人道主义”这个话题展开,《1844年手稿》中包含着大量人文精神和对人的存在意义的探索已是共识。马克思在《1844年手稿》的序言中表示要对国民经济学等进行实证的批判,同时批判黑格尔哲学和当时共产主义的抽象性。所以《1844年手稿》表面上似乎以一种道德情怀对现实进行的批判,实际是对具有遮蔽性的意识形态的批判。《1844年手稿》中所批判的国民经济学、黑格尔哲学和当时共产主义思潮就是异化现实与意识形态会合的产物,马克思对这些意识形态的批判不是单纯的以一种理论原则在极端的对立中否定别人证明自身,而是从实践出发进行前逻辑、前概念的反思。对国民经济学和当时共产主义批判,是在对私有财产和劳动异化本质的充分理解下进行的；批判黑格尔哲学的抽象性,对黑格尔辩证法进行积极扬弃,继承其中的有益因素,确立体现人存在逻辑的辩证法。马克思对意识形态的批判并不是形而上的抽象对立,而是以探求真理的态度去探索被虚假意识形态所遮蔽的世界本源,是对人感性需要的重新理解,更指明了扬弃异化克服虚假意识形态,回返人本身的现实路径,没有这个过程,就不可能真正认识人类的发展历史。在此基础上,马克思对共产主义和人的存在意义进行历史性描述,为我们坚定共产主义信念,回应当代现实指明了方向。
[Abstract]:The manuscripts of Economics and philosophy in 1844 (hereinafter referred to as the manuscripts of 1844) have aroused great concern and controversy in academic circles since their publication. From abroad to home, scholars' debate on manuscripts of 1844 mainly revolves around the topic of "humanitarianism", which contains a great deal of humanistic spirit and the exploration of the meaning of human existence. In the preface of manuscripts of 1844 Marx said that he should criticize the national economics and the abstractness of Hegel's philosophy and communism at that time. So what appears to be a moral critique of reality in the manuscript of 1844 is, in fact, a critique of a shadowy ideology. National economics, as criticized in the manuscript of 1844, Hegel's philosophy and the current of thought of communism at that time are the product of the convergence of alienation reality and ideology. Marx's criticism of these ideologies is not simply a theoretical principle to deny others to prove themselves in the extreme opposites. It is the reflection of the former logic and the pre-concept from the point of practice. The criticism of national economics and communism at that time was carried out under the full understanding of the essence of private property and labor alienation, and the abstract nature of Hegel's philosophy was criticized, and Hegel dialectics was actively sublated and abandoned, and the beneficial factors were inherited. To establish dialectics that embodies the logic of human existence. Marx's criticism of ideology is not the metaphysical abstract opposition, but to explore the origin of the world hidden by false ideology with the attitude of seeking truth, is a new understanding of the perceptual needs of human beings. Moreover, it points out the realistic path of sublation and alienation to overcome the false ideology and return to the people themselves. Without this process, it is impossible to truly understand the history of human development. On this basis, Marx gave a historical description of the meaning of communism and human existence, which pointed out the direction for us to strengthen the communist faith and respond to the contemporary reality.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：A811

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