建国后毛泽东认识和处理社会矛盾的理论与实践

发布时间：2018-05-24 20:12

本文选题：毛泽东 + 社会矛盾　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：一个国家的变革、发展和进步,需要有必要的压力和挑战,而成功的应战将导致文明的变革、发展与进步。纵观人类社会发展史,我们不仅要看到社会矛盾的破坏性,更要看到社会矛盾作为社会发展内在动力的积极意义。中国共产党成为执政党后,毛泽东就对如何处理社会矛盾开始了艰辛探索。毛泽东对处理社会矛盾的探索,是新中国社会主义革命和社会主义建设的重要组成部分,当他对处理社会矛盾的探索比较成功的时候,社会主义建设就能顺利前进；反之,社会主义建设就会出现失误。由于社会矛盾是一个涉及多学科的问题,本论文在辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义研究方法的指导下,综合运用政治学、党史学、历史学、社会学等学科的研究方法,围绕建国后毛泽东认识和处理社会矛盾的理论与实践这一核心问题从四个方面进行了分析和论证。第一部分作为论文开篇,对社会矛盾的相关理论进行了界定。论文认为,社会矛盾就是在人类社会生活中,由于人们在生产活动中所处的地位不同而产生利益的差异,人们为了维护个体或群体的利益发生冲突或联合的关系,这些关系的总和就是社会矛盾。社会矛盾分为社会基本矛盾、社会主要矛盾和社会具体矛盾三个层次。第二部分主要对毛泽东主动探索处理社会矛盾问题的动因进行了分析。论文首先对社会主义社会存在矛盾的理论渊源,即马克思、恩格斯、列宁、斯大林的社会矛盾理论进行了阐述。接着,从巩固新生国家政权和建设社会主义的角度分析了毛泽东探索处理社会矛盾问题的动因。第三部分是本文的重点部分,主要考察了毛泽东认识和处理社会矛盾问题的基本观点,并对其进行了客观评价。论文认为：毛泽东是新中国认识和处理社会矛盾的理论开拓者和实践探索者,他初步创立了一套比较科学的社会矛盾理论体系,并提出了一些处理社会矛盾的有效方法；但是,晚年毛泽东在认识和处理社会矛盾问题时出现了严重失误,主要表现在对社会主要矛盾的认识陷入误区,处理社会矛盾的思路和方法不完善。第四部分总结了毛泽东的社会矛盾的理论与实践对处理当前社会矛盾的启示。遏制腐败,减少官民矛盾；德治与法治相结合,将依法治国常态化；坚持以经济发展为基础,重视保障和改善民生。
[Abstract]:The change, development and progress of a country require the necessary pressure and challenge, and successful combat will lead to the change, development and progress of civilization. Throughout the history of human society, we should not only see the destruction of social contradictions, but also see the positive significance of social contradictions as the internal power of social development. After the Communist Party of China became the ruling party, Mao Zedong began to explore how to deal with social contradictions. Mao Zedong's exploration of dealing with social contradictions is an important part of the socialist revolution and socialist construction in New China. When his exploration of dealing with social contradictions is relatively successful, the socialist construction can advance smoothly. There will be mistakes in socialist construction. Since social contradiction is a multidisciplinary problem, this paper, under the guidance of the research methods of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, comprehensively applies the research methods of political science, party historiography, history, sociology and so on. This paper analyzes and demonstrates the core problem of the theory and practice of Mao Zedong's understanding and handling of social contradictions after the founding of the people's Republic of China from four aspects. The first part, as the beginning of the paper, defines the relevant theories of social contradiction. The paper holds that social contradiction is the conflict or union of interests in order to safeguard the interests of individuals or groups because of the difference of interests in human social life due to the different status of people in production activities. The sum of these relationships is social contradiction. Social contradictions are divided into three levels: social basic contradictions, social principal contradictions and social specific contradictions. The second part mainly analyzes the motivation of Mao Zedong actively exploring and dealing with social contradictions. Firstly, the theoretical origin of the contradiction in socialist society, namely Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin, is expounded. Then, from the angle of consolidating the new state power and building socialism, this paper analyzes the motivation of Mao Zedong to explore and deal with the social contradictions. The third part is the key part of this paper. It mainly investigates the basic viewpoints of Mao Zedong in understanding and dealing with social contradictions, and makes an objective evaluation on it. The paper holds that Mao Zedong is a pioneer of theory and a practical explorer in understanding and dealing with social contradictions in New China. He has initially created a scientific theoretical system of social contradictions and put forward some effective methods to deal with social contradictions. In his later years, Mao Zedong made serious mistakes in understanding and dealing with the social contradictions, mainly in the misunderstanding of the main social contradictions and the imperfection of the ideas and methods of dealing with the social contradictions. The fourth part summarizes the theory and practice of social contradiction of Mao Zedong. To curb corruption and reduce the contradiction between the government and the people; to combine the rule of virtue with the rule of law will normalize the rule of law; to adhere to the foundation of economic development and to attach importance to ensuring and improving the people's livelihood.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D232;A841

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