毛泽东的科学技术思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 05:15

本文选题：毛泽东 + 科学技术思想　；参考：《广东海洋大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：毛泽东的科学技术思想贯穿在其整个思想体系及中国革命和建设的实践过程之中，已经成为中华民族的宝贵精神财富。系统整理和研究毛泽东的科学技术思想对全面建设社会主义现代化国家具有重大的意义。本文通过七大部分对毛泽东的科学技术思想进行论述：第一部分即绪论部分论述研究毛泽东科学技术思想的重大意义、研究的概况、方法、重点、难点和本文的创新点。第二部分阐述毛泽东科学技术思想形成的时代背景、理论基础及其演变轨迹。中国优秀的传统文化、西方资产阶级关于社会科学和自然科学的进步理论以及马克思主义理论家关于社会科学、自然科学和科学技术的观点是毛泽东科学技术思想的理论来源。毛泽东的科学技术思想在中国社会的变迁过程中逐渐地形成、丰富和发展。第三部分论述毛泽东提出“百花齐放，百家争鸣”方针的来龙去脉。毛泽东和中共中央在总结古今中外经验的基础上，针对领导社会主义科学技术实践过程中的一些违背科学技术发展规律的现象和问题，决定把“百花齐放，百家争鸣”作为发展科学文化事业的指导方针。在这一方针的指导下，中国的科学技术事业取得了长足的进步。但是，这一方针在贯彻执行的过程中也出现了一些问题。第四部分阐述毛泽东关于科学技术的功能和技术革命的观点。毛泽东认为，无论自然科学还是社会科学，都是对自然界、社会、人类思维现象和客观规律的正确认识，只有科学才是真正的学问，科学技术是社会进步的重要推动力量。因此，要大力发展科学技术，开展技术革命，打好科学技术的仗。第五部分论述毛泽东关于科学技术的中西结合、洋为中用等方面的观点。毛泽东认为对于外国的科学、技术和文化，不加分析的一概排斥，或者不加分析的一概照搬，都不是马克思主义的态度。一切国家和民族的优秀科学、技术和文化都要学习，但是要结合本国的特色进行学习，，坚持吸收与批判的态度。第六部分论述毛泽东对科学与政治关系的认识。科学技术必须与政治相结合，为政治服务，这是毛泽东一贯坚持从未放弃的重要原则。毛泽东强调科学技术与政治的结合是无可厚非的，这对中国科学技术的发展起到了积极的推动作用。但是，毛泽东有时太过于强调政治，这就使科学技术在某种程度上变成了政治的附属品。第七部分评析毛泽东科学技术思想的价值。毛泽东领导中国人民进行科学技术实践所取得的经验和教训和他的科学技术思想，是中国共产党和中国人民的宝贵精神财富。在毛泽东科学技术思想的指导下，我国的科学、技术和文化事业在短时期内取得了巨大的成就，为今天我们进行社会主义现代化建设打下了坚实的基础。
[Abstract]:Mao Zedong's thought of science and technology has been the precious spiritual wealth of the Chinese nation through the whole ideological system and the practice of Chinese revolution and construction. It is of great significance to systematically organize and study Mao Zedong's scientific and technological ideas for the building of a socialist modern country. This article has seven major parts to Mao. Zedong's scientific and technical ideas are discussed.
The first part is the introduction, which discusses the significance, the general situation, the method, the key points, the difficulties and the innovation of Mao Zedong's scientific and technological thought.
The second part expounds the background of the formation of Mao Zedong's scientific and technological ideas, the theoretical basis and its evolution track. The excellent traditional Chinese culture, the western bourgeoisie's theory of social science and natural science and the Marx theorists' views on social science, natural science and science and technology are Mao Zedong's scientific techniques. Mao Zedong's thought of science and technology has gradually formed, enriched and developed in the course of the changes of Chinese society.
The third part discusses the origin and origin of Mao Zedong's policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend". Mao Zedong and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, based on summarizing the experience of ancient and modern, and at home and abroad, have decided to make "a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend" in the light of some phenomena and problems that violate the law of scientific and Technological Development in the process of leading the scientific and technological practice of socialism. As a guideline for the development of scientific and cultural undertakings, under the guidance of this policy, China has made great progress in the cause of science and technology. However, some problems have also emerged in the course of implementation.
The fourth part expounds Mao Zedong's views on the function of science and technology and the technological revolution. Mao Zedong believes that both natural science and social science are the correct understanding of nature, society, human thinking and objective laws. Only science is true learning, and science and technology are the important driving force for social progress. We must vigorously develop science and technology, carry out technological revolution, and fight well in science and technology.
The fifth part discusses Mao Zedong's views on the integration of science and technology between China and the West. Mao Zedong believes that all the foreign science, technology and culture, the non analysis of all exclusion, or the indiscriminately copied, are not Marx's attitude. The excellent science, technology and culture of the country and the nation are all to be cut. Learning, but learning from the characteristics of our country, adhering to the attitude of absorption and criticism.
The sixth part discusses Mao Zedong's understanding of the relationship between science and politics. Science and technology must be combined with politics and serve politics. This is an important principle that Mao Zedong has always insisted on never giving up. Mao Zedong emphasizes that the combination of science and technology and politics is indisputable, which has played an active role in promoting the development of Chinese science and technology. But Mao Zedong sometimes puts too much emphasis on politics, which makes science and technology to a certain extent an appendage to politics.
The seventh part evaluates the value of Mao Zedong's scientific and technological ideas. Mao Zedong's experience and lessons learned by the Chinese people in the practice of science and technology and his scientific and technological ideas are the valuable spiritual wealth of the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese people. Under the guidance of Mao Zedong's scientific and technological ideas, the scientific, technical and cultural undertakings of China are in the guide. Great achievements have been made in a short period of time, laying a solid foundation for our socialist modernization drive today.
【学位授予单位】：广东海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A841

【参考文献】