马克思的资本主义生产方式理论视野下的生态危机

发布时间：2018-05-26 08:08

本文选题：资本主义生产方式 + 利润　；参考：《复旦大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：资本主义生产方式是以追求利润为最高目的的商品生产,它在造成周期性经济危机的同时,也造成了生态危机。由于资本对利润的贪婪追逐,资本家竭力扩大生产规模,对自然资源进行不计后果的掠夺。随着生产规模不断扩大,平均利润率呈下降趋势,资本家为了保证自己的利润,进行全球扩张,对自然资源进行最大限度的开发和利用。与此同时,基于利润目的和成本外化原则,产生出的废物则被任意丢弃和排放,而全然不顾对环境造成的污染。正是这种以利润为中心的资本主义生产方式造成了生态危机,而导致生态危机最直接的原因是异化劳动(也即资本主义的生产过程),自然异化和劳动异化的前提是私有制。为了获取更多的利润,生产规模不断扩大,并扩张到全球范围。而要使生产过程完成,生产出来的产品必须被购买,因而不断激发并制造人们的需求,进而重塑人们的价值观,使得人们认为生命存在的意义在于对商品的占有,即商品拜物教。人们的消费需求日益膨胀,这就促进了资本主义的新一轮大规模的生产。以利润为中心的资本主义生产方式使得生态环境日益恶化并到了危急的时刻。当今自然资源日趋枯竭,环境污染日趋严重,人们的生存和发展受到了严峻威胁。本文力图让人们清楚地认识到生态危机发生的真实原因,以便能够对症下药,对现有的生产方式进行一些改变,走出以利润为中心的资本主义生产方式。
[Abstract]:The capitalist mode of production is a commodity production with the highest aim of pursuing profit. It not only causes the periodic economic crisis, but also causes the ecological crisis. Because of the greedy pursuit of profit by capital, capitalists tried to expand their production scale and plundered natural resources recklessly. With the expansion of production scale, the average profit margin is decreasing. In order to ensure their profit, capitalists develop and utilize natural resources to the maximum extent. At the same time, based on the principle of profit and cost externalization, the resulting waste is discarded and discharged arbitrarily, regardless of the pollution to the environment. It is this kind of capitalistic mode of production with profit as the center that causes the ecological crisis, and the most direct cause of the ecological crisis is the alienation of labor (that is, the production process of capitalism, the premise of natural alienation and labor alienation is private ownership). In order to gain more profits, the scale of production is expanding and expanding to a global scale. In order for the production process to be completed, the products produced must be purchased, thus constantly stimulating and creating people's needs, thereby reshaping people's values, making people think that the meaning of life lies in the possession of goods. Namely commodity fetishism. People's consumption demand is expanding day by day, this promoted capitalist new round of large-scale production. The profit-centered capitalist mode of production has made the ecological environment worse day by day and reached a critical point. With the depletion of natural resources and environmental pollution, people's survival and development are threatened. This paper tries to make people know clearly the real reason of ecological crisis, so that we can make some changes to the existing mode of production and get out of the profit-centered capitalist mode of production.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811

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