马克思科学实践观的形成及其在哲学上实现的变革

发布时间：2018-06-06 10:09

本文选题：科学实践观 + 实践的唯物主义　；参考：《江西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：马克思科学实践观是马克思哲学大厦的基石，只有正确地认识了马克思科学实践观才能正确地理解马克思的实践唯物主义哲学。马克思科学实践观不是天生就有的。马克思科学实践观的形成也不是一蹴而就的，而是在马克思对人类世界的不断研究和思考中，逐步建立起来的。它经历了唯心主义实践观阶段和“费尔巴哈派”实践观阶段，最终，在马克思对自己思想理论的不断扬弃的过程中才形成的。正是马克思建立了科学实践观，才实现了哲学上的一系列变革：（1）在本体论上，马克思从实践出发科学地论证了唯心主义的不合理性，克服了旧唯物主义的直观性，建立了一种新的物质（包括自然界和人类社会）本体论。（2）在自然观上，马克思从实践出发把自然界看作是人类实践活动的对象，把自然界看作是人化的自然。建立了一种以人与自然的关系为中心的全新的自然观。(3)在辩证法上，马克思从实践出发研究，，实现了自然辩证法和实践辩证法的统一和唯物论与辩证法的结合。（4）在认识论上，马克思从实践出发，克服了旧唯物主义的直观性缺陷，科学论证了认识是主体对客体的能动反映，把认识看作是一个从感性认识到理性认识，又从理性认识再回到实践的辩证发展过程。（5）在历史观上，马克思从实践出发考察人类社会和人类历史，创立了历史唯物主义理论，科学地论证了人类社会的发展过程和发展趋势。可以看出，马克思哲学之所能实现哲学上的变革，是因为科学实践观的建立的，我们只有正确地理解了马克思科学实践观才能正确理解马克思哲学及马克思哲学的精髓。
[Abstract]:Marxist scientific practice view is the cornerstone of Marxist philosophy edifice. Only by correctly understanding Marxist scientific practice view can Marx's practical materialism philosophy be correctly understood. Marx's view of scientific practice is not innate. The formation of Marx's view of scientific practice was not accomplished overnight, but was gradually established in Marx's constant study and thinking of the human world. It has gone through the stage of idealism and Feuerbach school of practice, and finally formed in the process of Marx's sublation of his thought and theory. It is Marx who has established a scientific view of practice and realized a series of changes in philosophy. In ontology, Marx scientifically demonstrated the irrationality of idealism from practice and overcame the intuitiveness of old materialism. A New substance (including Nature and Human Society) Ontology. In the view of nature Marx regarded nature as the object of human practice and nature as humanized nature from the point of view of nature. A new view of nature, centered on the relationship between man and nature, has been established. In dialectics, Marx studied from practice and realized the unity of dialectics of nature and practice and the combination of materialism and dialectics. In epistemology, Marx realized the unity of dialectics of nature and practice and the combination of materialism and dialectics. Starting from practice, Marx overcame the intuitive defects of the old materialism, and scientifically demonstrated that cognition is the dynamic reflection of the subject to the object, and regarded cognition as a reflection from perceptual to rational. On the view of history, Marx studied human society and human history from practice and founded the theory of historical materialism. It scientifically demonstrates the development process and trend of human society. It can be seen that the transformation of Marxist philosophy can be realized because of the establishment of scientific practice view. Only by correctly understanding Marxist scientific practice view can we correctly understand Marxist philosophy and the essence of Marxist philosophy.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：B023;A811

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