马克思主义法社会学视角下社会组织解纷机制实证分析

发布时间：2018-07-07 13:24

本文选题：马克思主义 + 法社会学　；参考：《西北大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：当代中国的核心问题并非社会问题本身,而是解决问题的方法、路径的选择,因为它决定了今后中国社会是问题更多、更突出、更尖锐,还是社会问题的解决步入一个成熟的自我调适的轨道。本论文的全部着力点在于为理性、非暴力化的纠纷解决提供一个与中国法律文化传统和现实社会结构相适应的社会运行机制。同时希望通过分析纠纷解决这一社会剖面,指出建设一个与公民社会相适应的社会组织系统,是中国渐进政治变革的前提和条件。马克思主义法社会学的基本原理为我们提供了一个国家一社会—法律的理论框架。从社会中思考纠纷的解决,从纠纷解决中反观社会结构的缺失；在国家与社会互动中解决纠纷,在正式规则与非正式规则互为补充中解决纠纷。在这一宏观背景下,社会组织成为社会解纷机制的中心环节。在建设和改革社会组织的同时,必须清楚社会组织解纷的权力来源问题,回避和漠视这一问题,就无法使社会解纷形成有效的运行机制。如何有效发挥社会组织的解纷功能,不能再从制度到制度或从法律到法律中思考。必须跳出制度和法律之外,必须在马克思主义法哲学关于理想社会的指引下,以人的自由为核心价值观作为纠纷解决的基本思想。必须充分借鉴西方马克思主义的研究成果,运用程序主义的法律范式,以主体间性为进路,发现以交往权力、教化权力为核心的社会解纷机制的理论依据,克服现实形式主义法治和实质主义法治模式的失灵。理论的假设必须符合实际的需求和社会现实,因此,必须运用社会学实证研究方法,从历史角度实证考察中国社会法律文化传统,从现实纠纷解决的角度发现现有纠纷解决体制的局限和不足,从社会试验的角度发现理论假设在应用中的问题。论文对这一问题的答案是：在程序性法律范式的指导下,以参与者的视角运用交往理论,自由建构扎根于公民社会的社会组织,通过组织和规范两大原则实现社会力量的建制化,从而获取社会权力,使社会组织解纷获取合法性,使其对现实纠纷的解决产生充分的效力,进而形成社会组织解纷的新机制。从社会组织的角色定位分析,这种新机制分为三个方面,即“代理人”角色的社会组织解纷机制、“中介人”角色的社会组织解纷机制、“互动人”角色的社会组织解纷机制。“代理人”角色的社会组织解纷的权力来源于交往权力,需要建立社会组织的内部治理结构和理顺社会组织的外部关系组织模式,通过制订行业内争议处理办法,协调解决各种矛盾,维护社会稳定。如制订行业内争议处理的规则、程序,代表本行业参与行业性谈判,受理会员的投诉,为会员提供帮助,维护公平竞争的市场规则、程序,代表本行业参与行业性谈判,受理会员的投诉,为会员提供帮助,维护公平竞争的市场经济秩序；受理社会对会员的投诉,查处会员的违规违法行为；帮助会员办好仅靠自身力量难以办成的事情,反映会员的意见和呼声。“中介人”角色的社会组织解纷机制来源于教化权力,包括仲裁委员会、调解委员会、争议解决中心等组织在内的共益型社会组织应当在资金来源、司法确认以及适格的调解员等方面建立组织模式。以适格的调解人、理性商谈、与司法机关的互动等为基础建立解纷方式。“互动人”角色的社会组织解纷机制的权力来源于公权力,应当建立以核心价值观、捐赠人大会以及信息披露等制度为基础的组织模式,建立以社会组织的公益诉讼为基础的解纷方式。微观上充分发挥社会组织解纷作用,有利于化解社会冲突和矛盾,有利于提高社会组织的公信力,有利于整合社会力量,有利于推动中国特色的社会建设的发展。公民社会组织解纷机制的发挥是现实政治体制改革、社会体制改革以及新型社会建设的切入口。
[Abstract]:The core problem of contemporary China is not the social problem itself, but the way to solve the problem, the choice of the path, because it determines that the Chinese society is more problems, more prominent, more sharp, or the solution of the social problems into a mature track of self adjustment in the future. The whole focus of this thesis is to be rational and non violent. At the same time, we hope to solve this social section by analyzing disputes and point out that building a social organization system adapted to civil society is the prerequisite and condition for the gradual political change in China.
The basic principle of Sociology of Sociology of Marx doctrine provides us a theoretical framework of society and law in a state. From the society, we think about the settlement of disputes, the lack of social structure in the dispute settlement, the settlement of disputes in the interaction between the state and the society, and the settlement of disputes between the formal rules and the non formal rules. Under the macro background, the social organization is the central link of the social dispute settlement mechanism. While building and reforming the social organization, it is necessary to clear the source of power of the social organization to solve the dispute, avoid and ignore this problem, and can not make the social dispute dispute form an effective operation mechanism. It must be taken out of the system and law from law to law. It must be taken out of the system and law. Under the guidance of the ideal society, the core values of human freedom must be taken as the basic thought of the resolution of the core values of Marx's philosophy of law. We must fully learn from the research results of Western Marx doctrine and apply the procedural law paradigm. On the basis of intersubjectivity, we find the theoretical basis for the mechanism of social dispute settlement with the core of communication power and teaching power, and overcome the failure of the rule of law and the rule of law. The theoretical hypothesis must conform to the actual needs and social realities. Therefore, it is necessary to use the empirical research method of sociology to demonstrate from the historical point of view. In view of the Chinese social legal culture tradition, the limitations and shortcomings of the existing dispute settlement system are found from the angle of practical dispute resolution, and the problems in the application of the theoretical hypothesis are found from the angle of the social experiment. The answer to this question is: under the guidance of the procedural legal paradigm, the theory of communication is applied in the perspective of participants. To construct the social organization rooted in the civil society, to achieve the social power by organizing and standardizing the two principles of social power, so as to obtain social power, make the social organization get the legitimacy of the dispute, make it fully effective for the settlement of the real disputes, and then form a new mechanism for the social organization to solve the dispute. The new mechanism is divided into three aspects, namely, the social organization resolving mechanism of the "agent" role, the social organization of "intermediary" role, the social organization of the role of "interactive man", the power of the social organization of the "agent" role derives from the communication power and needs to establish the internal governance of the social organization. Organize the structure and straighten out the organizational pattern of the external relations of the social organization, coordinate the settlement of various contradictions and maintain social stability by formulating the dispute handling methods within the industry. For example, the rules and procedures for the handling of disputes within the industry, the procedure, the participation of the industry in the trade negotiations, the acceptance of the complaints from members, the help of the members, and the maintenance of a fair competition market Rules and procedures, on behalf of the industry to participate in the trade negotiations, accept the complaints of members, to provide help to members, to maintain a fair competition in the market economic order, accept the complaints from the members of the society, investigate and investigate members of illegal activities, and help members to do a good job only by their own strength, reflecting the opinions and calls of members. " The social organization solution mechanism of the social organization of the mediator comes from the educational power, and the social organizations, including the Arbitration Commission, the mediation committee, the dispute settlement center and other organizations, should establish the organizational model in the sources of funds, judicial confirmation and the appropriate mediators. The social organization of the role of interaction is based on public power. It should establish the organization model based on the core values, donate the people's Congress and the information disclosure system, and establish the way to solve the dispute based on the public interest litigation of the social organization.
Giving full play to the role of social organization to resolve disputes is beneficial to dissolve social conflicts and contradictions, to improve the credibility of social organizations, to integrate social forces and to promote the development of social construction with Chinese characteristics. The entrance to the construction of the type of society.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90-052;A811

【引证文献】