追寻马克思异化思想转向的轨迹
发布时间：2018-07-16 11:30
【摘要】：马克思异化理论是马克思理论的重要组成部分，是马克思在批判地继承前人的哲学思想基础上形成的智慧结晶，主要体现在马克思的著作《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中。马克思主义异化理论的研究具有很重大的理论意义，有助于促进马克思主义理论研究的深入，同时也具有现实意义，对于中国当代社会转型、促进社会主义和谐社会建设具有很大的作用。 本文首先简要介绍了本文的选题背景、国内外研究现状、创新之处、选题的理论意义和实践意义。然后对了马克思异化理论诞生之前异化理论的在先理论形态，分别对《旧约》中、古希腊时期和拉丁时期哲学思想中的异化形态进行了扼要的分析，认为在先理论形态的异化观依附于神学和哲学本体论，与现代意义上的异化理论有着本质的不同。 直到德国古典哲学中，异化理论才真正萌芽和发展起来。其中最具代表性的是费尔巴哈和黑格尔的异化观。费尔巴哈认为人的共同理性、意志和情感可以抽象为人的“类本质”，人的存在形式就是还原性的“类本质”异化过程，神是人类创造出来的，神是人自我异化的结果。黑格尔则认为绝对精神是一种先于人类和自然界的永恒实在，绝对精神就是人精神领域的一种否定之否定，人的存在就是绝对精神的运动性的异化过程。二人都把异化理论作为自己哲学体系的基础，并且他们的哲学体系中包含着主客观辩证的思想和动态发展的理念，但在辩证观、对异化对象和异化主体的看法等方面有显著的差异。 在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中，马克思系统地阐述了他的异化观。他从马克思异化理论出发，对费尔巴哈和黑格尔异化理论的批判和借鉴，吸收了他们异化理论中的合理内核，提出了劳动异化观，，实现了理论超越。后来马克思还对劳动异化理论进一步发展，最终为马克思共产主义思想的产生奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Marx's alienation theory is an important part of Marx's theory, and it is the crystallization of wisdom formed by Marx on the basis of critically inheriting the predecessors' philosophical thoughts, which is mainly reflected in Marx's works, Economic and philosophical manuscripts of 1844. The study of Marxist alienation theory is of great theoretical significance, which is helpful to the further study of Marxist theory and also has practical significance, which is of great significance to the transformation of Chinese contemporary society. Promoting the construction of a harmonious socialist society has a great role. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the background of this paper, the current research situation at home and abroad, the innovation, the theoretical and practical significance of the topic. Then, on the basis of the antecedent theoretical form of the alienation theory before Marx's alienation theory was born, the paper briefly analyzed the dissimilation forms in the philosophical thoughts of the Old Testament, the ancient Greek period and the Latin period, respectively. It is believed that the dissimilation view of the former theoretical form depends on theology and philosophical ontology, which is essentially different from the alienation theory in the modern sense. It was not until German classical philosophy that the theory of alienation really sprouted and developed. One of the most representative is Feuerbach and Hegel's concept of alienation. Feuerbach thinks that man's common reason, will and emotion can be abstracted as the "kind essence" of man, and the form of human being is the process of reducing "class essence" alienation, God is created by human beings, and God is the result of self-alienation of human beings. Hegel holds that absolute spirit is a kind of eternal reality which precedes human beings and nature. Absolute spirit is a negation of negation in the realm of human spirit and the existence of human being is the process of dissimilation of absolute spirit. Both of them regard alienation theory as the basis of their own philosophical system, and their philosophical system contains subjective and objective dialectical thought and dynamic development idea, but in dialectical view, There are significant differences in the views of alienation objects and subjects. In the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844, Marx systematically expounded his view of alienation. Starting from Marx's alienation theory, he criticizes and draws lessons from Feuerbach and Hegel's alienation theory, absorbs the reasonable core of their alienation theory, puts forward the concept of labor alienation, and realizes the theoretical transcendence. Later, Marx further developed the theory of labor alienation, and finally laid a foundation for the emergence of Marx's communist thought.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A811;B023
本文编号：2126246
[Abstract]:Marx's alienation theory is an important part of Marx's theory, and it is the crystallization of wisdom formed by Marx on the basis of critically inheriting the predecessors' philosophical thoughts, which is mainly reflected in Marx's works, Economic and philosophical manuscripts of 1844. The study of Marxist alienation theory is of great theoretical significance, which is helpful to the further study of Marxist theory and also has practical significance, which is of great significance to the transformation of Chinese contemporary society. Promoting the construction of a harmonious socialist society has a great role. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the background of this paper, the current research situation at home and abroad, the innovation, the theoretical and practical significance of the topic. Then, on the basis of the antecedent theoretical form of the alienation theory before Marx's alienation theory was born, the paper briefly analyzed the dissimilation forms in the philosophical thoughts of the Old Testament, the ancient Greek period and the Latin period, respectively. It is believed that the dissimilation view of the former theoretical form depends on theology and philosophical ontology, which is essentially different from the alienation theory in the modern sense. It was not until German classical philosophy that the theory of alienation really sprouted and developed. One of the most representative is Feuerbach and Hegel's concept of alienation. Feuerbach thinks that man's common reason, will and emotion can be abstracted as the "kind essence" of man, and the form of human being is the process of reducing "class essence" alienation, God is created by human beings, and God is the result of self-alienation of human beings. Hegel holds that absolute spirit is a kind of eternal reality which precedes human beings and nature. Absolute spirit is a negation of negation in the realm of human spirit and the existence of human being is the process of dissimilation of absolute spirit. Both of them regard alienation theory as the basis of their own philosophical system, and their philosophical system contains subjective and objective dialectical thought and dynamic development idea, but in dialectical view, There are significant differences in the views of alienation objects and subjects. In the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844, Marx systematically expounded his view of alienation. Starting from Marx's alienation theory, he criticizes and draws lessons from Feuerbach and Hegel's alienation theory, absorbs the reasonable core of their alienation theory, puts forward the concept of labor alienation, and realizes the theoretical transcendence. Later, Marx further developed the theory of labor alienation, and finally laid a foundation for the emergence of Marx's communist thought.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A811;B023
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