马克思主义国际政治社会学思想研究

发布时间：2018-07-24 15:45

【摘要】：冷战后国际社会问题大量涌现,影响和改变着国际关系。深刻认识这些影响是国际政治社会学的主要议题。国际政治社会学研究历史悠久。在社会建构主义的推动下,进入更高、更受关注的层次。国际政治社会学是以社会本体论为基础,借用社会学方法,以国际社会的结构构成、国际社会的演变、国际社会与国际政治之间的互动、国际社会与国内政治之间的互动、国际社会与国内社会之间的互动等为研究对象的一个独立研究领域。马克思被称为“政治社会学之父”,马克思主义包含着丰富的国际政治社会学思想。归纳和整理马克思主义国际政治社会学不仅是发展国际政治社会学的要求,也是发展马克思主义国际关系思想的要求。马克思主义国际政治社会学的主要内容是描述和分析国际社会。马克思恩格斯认为国际社会是世界性交往联系和关系的总和；是建立在契约基础上的机械社会；是由生产力和生产关系的矛盾决定的国际社会。马克思主义视角下的国际社会重点突出的是国际社会的“社会选择”,也就是工业社会和现代性在全球范围内建立自己的生产方式和社会方式。列宁对国际社会的观察,在阐述跨国垄断组织和资本输出形成全球性整体联系的同时,更为突出的是由此造成的国际社会内部关系的极端对立化和矛盾的尖锐化。布哈林“世界经济”思想以“国际化”和“民族化”两个概念剖析了国际社会与民族国家之间的关系,尤其强调整体性世界联系的客观性,特别是整体性国际社会的生产关系和交换联系。沃勒斯坦从世界体系的视角出发,指出真正能够称得上国际社会的是现代世界体系,着重论述了稳恒的国际社会结构。国际社会的结构,主要表现在两个方面：社会阶级结构和依附关系结构。就社会阶级结构来说,资产阶级和无产阶级的关系不仅是资本主义国内社会的结构,也是资本主义生产方式造就的国际社会的结构。在依附关系结构方面,主要表现为“中心—外围”结构或“中心—半边缘—边缘”结构。马克思主义国际政治社会学的国际社会结构观在两个方面区别于西方主流国际关系理论的结构观：一是国际社会的结构和国内社会的结构是同一的,国际社会的结构完全渗透和嵌入到国内生活的方方面面；二是国际社会的结构自身具有不断强化的功能。国际社会的冲突来自阶级的对立。无产阶级在世界范围内的革命是对资本主义生产方式下国际社会合法性的反抗。帝国主义时代国际社会的冲突表现为跨国垄断集团之间的角斗。现代世界体系的冲突以反体系运动为主。国际社会的发展,在横向上表现为国际社会在世界范围内的扩展；在纵向上表现为资本主义生产方式下的国际社会向共产主义社会的革命性飞跃。 “全部社会生活在本质上是实践的。”实践是国际社会存在的深刻基础,生成和建构了国际社会的阶级行为体和国家行为体,构成了国际社会发展的动力,是改造国际社会的根本路径。从本体论上说,马克思主义国际政治社会学是实践本体。交往作为实践的主要形式之一,建构了整体性的国际社会,塑造国际行为体的社会性,是马克思主义国际政治社会学的核心。人、交往、社会是三位一体的,以交往为核心的马克思主义国际政治社会学鲜明地体现了马克思主义的人本价值关怀,也内在地要求国际社会必然超越自身,跃进为共产主义社会。
[Abstract]:After the cold war, a large number of international social problems have emerged, affecting and changing international relations. A profound understanding of these influences is the main topic of international political sociology. The history of international political sociology has a long history. Under the impetus of social constructivism, it has entered a higher and more concerned level. By means of sociological methods, the structure of the international community, the evolution of the international community, the interaction between the international society and the international politics, the interaction between the international society and the domestic politics, the interaction between the international society and the domestic society, and so on. Marx is called the "father of political sociology", Mark. It includes rich international political sociological thoughts. The induction and consolidation of Marx's international political sociology is not only the requirement for the development of international political sociology, but also the requirement for the development of the international relations thought of Marx doctrine.
The main content of the international political sociology of Marx's doctrine is the description and analysis of the international community. Marx Engels believes that the international community is the sum of the relations and relations of the world. It is a mechanical society based on the contract; it is the international society determined by the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production. The country under Marx's perspective. The international community is focusing on the "social choice" of the international community, that is, the industrial society and modernity set up its own mode of production and social mode on the global scale. Lenin's observation on the international community, while explaining the global and global relationship between transnational monopolies and capital output, is more prominent. The relationship between the international community and the internal relations is extremely antagonistic and sharp. The thought of "world economy" of the "world economy" has analyzed the relations between the international community and the nation state with the two concepts of "internationalization" and "nationalization", especially the objectivity of the whole world connection, especially the production relations and exchange of the whole international society. From the perspective of the world system, he points out that the international society is a modern world system which can really be called the international society. It emphasizes the stable international social structure. The structure of the international society is mainly manifested in two aspects: the social class structure and the attachment structure. As for the social class structure, the bourgeoisie and the production without production. The relationship between the class is not only the structure of the capitalist domestic society, but also the structure of the international society created by the capitalist mode of production. In the dependence relation structure, the main manifestation is the "center periphery" structure or the "center half edge to the edge" structure. The international social structure view of Marx's international political sociology is two One is the structure of the western mainstream international relations theory: first, the structure of the international society and the structure of the domestic society are the same. The structure of the international society is completely penetrated and embedded in all aspects of domestic life; two, the structure of the international community itself has a continuous strengthening function. The conflict of the international community comes from the class. The revolution of the proletariat in the world is a revolt against the legitimacy of the international society under the capitalist mode of production. The conflict between the international society in the era of imperialism is the struggle between the transnational monopolies. The conflict of the modern world system is dominated by the anti system movement. The development of the international community is manifested horizontally as the international community. Expansion in the world; in a vertical way, it represents a revolutionary leap of the international community towards the Communist society under the capitalist mode of production.
"All social life is essentially practical." practice is a profound foundation for the existence of the international community. The generation and construction of the class actors and state actors of the international community constitute the motive force of the development of the international society and the fundamental path to the transformation of the international society. In noumenon, the International Political Sociology of Marx is the practice. As one of the main forms of practice, communication is one of the main forms of practice. It is the core of Marx's international political sociology to construct a whole international society and to shape the sociality of international actors. Human, communication and society are Trinity. The Marx doctrine of international political sociology, with communication as the core, embodies the humanism of Marx's doctrine. Value concern also requires the international community to transcend itself and leap into a communist society.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811;D81

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