新中国成立后毛泽东的群众运动思想与实践研究
发布时间：2018-07-25 11:32
【摘要】：从1949年10月新中国成立后到1976年9月毛泽东逝世的27年间,中国社会主义革命和建设的实际领导者是毛泽东,因此无论是国外还是国内,都称这一时期为“毛泽东时代”。以毛泽东为核心的第一代领导集体,组织、动员广大人民群众参与到社会主义革命和建设中,在新中国成立后的近30年中形成了一个主要的治国方式——群众运动。学界目前对新中国成立后毛泽东的群众运动思想和实践的研究成果相对较少。因此对这一问题进行深入研究,一方面可以深入地认识毛泽东的群众运动治国方略,进一步拓展中共党史和中华人民共和国史的研究领域；另一方面为当前的社会主义建设提供一定的历史借鉴,指导我们在新形势下更好地坚持党的群众路线,一切为了群众,紧紧依靠群众,为全面建成小康社会不懈奋斗。 本文遵循辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义的研究原则,依据毛泽东的著作和党的重要文献资料,结合新中国成立后的社会历史环境和时代特点,研究毛泽东群众运动思想的形成的社会历史条件,中国传统文化中的“民本”思想和马列主义中关于人民群众是历史的创造者的理论是群众运动思想的理论来源。新民主主义革命时期群众运动经历的兴起、成熟和发展三个阶段是毛泽东群众运动思想的实践基础。新中国成立后,毛泽东选择群众运动作为主要治国手段,其思想内容包括三个方面：一、毛泽东通过对人民群众的界定来确定群众运动的主体；二、对国内主要矛盾的认识分析是群众运动的动力；三、宣传鼓动、组织控制、利益驱动是发动群众运动的手段。运用群众运动方式的治国实践可以分为新民主主义到社会主义的过渡时期、全面建设社会主义时期和“文化大革命”时期三个阶段,通过对这三个阶段群众运动的主题和效果的评述来研究毛泽东的群众运动治国方略。最后,从合理成分和历史局限性两个方面评价群众运动思想和实践。 通过对新中国成立后毛泽东的群众运动思想和实践的研究,得出以下几点结论：一、群众运动的治国方式有利于社会主义制度的确立和巩固。二、毛泽东在治国的过程中对社会主要矛盾的认识的偏差,导致整个社会陷入“阶级斗争”的洪流中,这是治国思想的失误,并不是群众运动自身的错误。三、历史的经验教训要我们认清社会发展规律,正确认识社会主要矛盾,一切为了群众,一切依靠群众,调动群众的积极性,通过不断发展社会生产力实现社会主义事业的成功。
[Abstract]:From the founding of New China in October 1949 to the death of Mao Zedong in September 1976, the actual leader of China's socialist revolution and construction is Mao Zedong. Therefore, this period is called "Mao Zedong era" both at home and abroad. The first generation of leading collectives, with Mao Zedong as the core, organized and mobilized the masses to participate in the socialist revolution and construction. In the past 30 years after the founding of New China, a major mode of governing the country-the mass movement was formed. At present, there are few researches on the mass movement thought and practice of Mao Zedong after the founding of New China. On the one hand, we can deeply understand Mao Zedong's strategy of governing the country by mass movement, and further expand the research field of the history of CPC and the history of the people's Republic of China. On the other hand, it provides a certain historical reference for the current socialist construction, instructs us to adhere to the Party's mass line better under the new situation, to rely on the masses for the sake of the masses and to work tirelessly to build a well-off society in an all-round way. This paper follows the research principles of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, according to the works of Mao Zedong and the important documents of the Party, combined with the social and historical environment and the characteristics of the times after the founding of New China. This paper studies the social and historical conditions for the formation of Mao Zedong's thought of mass movement, the "people-oriented" thought in Chinese traditional culture and the theory that the masses are the creators of history in Marxism-Leninism are the theoretical sources of the thought of mass movement. The rise, maturity and development of the mass movement in the period of the new democratic revolution are the practical basis of the mass movement thought of Mao Zedong. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Mao Zedong chose the mass movement as the main means of governing the country. Its ideological content includes three aspects: first, Mao Zedong defines the masses to determine the main body of the mass movement; second, The understanding and analysis of the main contradictions in China is the motive force of the mass movement; third, propaganda and agitation, organizational control and interest drive are the means to launch the mass movement. The practice of governing the country by means of mass movement can be divided into three stages: the transitional period of new democracy to socialism, the period of comprehensive socialist construction and the period of "cultural revolution". By reviewing the themes and effects of these three stages of mass movement, this paper studies Mao Zedong's strategy of governing the country by mass movement. Finally, it evaluates the thought and practice of mass movement from two aspects: reasonable composition and historical limitation. Based on the study of the thought and practice of mass movement of Mao Zedong after the founding of New China, the following conclusions are drawn: firstly, the way of governing the country by mass movement is conducive to the establishment and consolidation of socialist system. Second, the deviation of Mao Zedong's understanding of the main social contradictions in the process of governing the country leads the whole society into a torrent of "class struggle", which is a mistake in the thinking of governing the country, not a mistake of the mass movement itself. Third, the experience and lessons of history require us to have a clear understanding of the laws of social development, to correctly understand the principal contradictions of society, to rely on and mobilize the enthusiasm of the masses for the benefit of the masses, and to rely on them in all respects. The success of the socialist cause will be realized through the continuous development of the social productive forces.
【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A841;D252
本文编号：2143692
[Abstract]:From the founding of New China in October 1949 to the death of Mao Zedong in September 1976, the actual leader of China's socialist revolution and construction is Mao Zedong. Therefore, this period is called "Mao Zedong era" both at home and abroad. The first generation of leading collectives, with Mao Zedong as the core, organized and mobilized the masses to participate in the socialist revolution and construction. In the past 30 years after the founding of New China, a major mode of governing the country-the mass movement was formed. At present, there are few researches on the mass movement thought and practice of Mao Zedong after the founding of New China. On the one hand, we can deeply understand Mao Zedong's strategy of governing the country by mass movement, and further expand the research field of the history of CPC and the history of the people's Republic of China. On the other hand, it provides a certain historical reference for the current socialist construction, instructs us to adhere to the Party's mass line better under the new situation, to rely on the masses for the sake of the masses and to work tirelessly to build a well-off society in an all-round way. This paper follows the research principles of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, according to the works of Mao Zedong and the important documents of the Party, combined with the social and historical environment and the characteristics of the times after the founding of New China. This paper studies the social and historical conditions for the formation of Mao Zedong's thought of mass movement, the "people-oriented" thought in Chinese traditional culture and the theory that the masses are the creators of history in Marxism-Leninism are the theoretical sources of the thought of mass movement. The rise, maturity and development of the mass movement in the period of the new democratic revolution are the practical basis of the mass movement thought of Mao Zedong. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Mao Zedong chose the mass movement as the main means of governing the country. Its ideological content includes three aspects: first, Mao Zedong defines the masses to determine the main body of the mass movement; second, The understanding and analysis of the main contradictions in China is the motive force of the mass movement; third, propaganda and agitation, organizational control and interest drive are the means to launch the mass movement. The practice of governing the country by means of mass movement can be divided into three stages: the transitional period of new democracy to socialism, the period of comprehensive socialist construction and the period of "cultural revolution". By reviewing the themes and effects of these three stages of mass movement, this paper studies Mao Zedong's strategy of governing the country by mass movement. Finally, it evaluates the thought and practice of mass movement from two aspects: reasonable composition and historical limitation. Based on the study of the thought and practice of mass movement of Mao Zedong after the founding of New China, the following conclusions are drawn: firstly, the way of governing the country by mass movement is conducive to the establishment and consolidation of socialist system. Second, the deviation of Mao Zedong's understanding of the main social contradictions in the process of governing the country leads the whole society into a torrent of "class struggle", which is a mistake in the thinking of governing the country, not a mistake of the mass movement itself. Third, the experience and lessons of history require us to have a clear understanding of the laws of social development, to correctly understand the principal contradictions of society, to rely on and mobilize the enthusiasm of the masses for the benefit of the masses, and to rely on them in all respects. The success of the socialist cause will be realized through the continuous development of the social productive forces.
【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A841;D252
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