当代中国党政关系的历史与现状

发布时间：2018-09-18 11:34

【摘要】：党政关系是当代中国政治体制改革的重要内容。本文拟从历史与现状两个视角对党政关系进行总体性考察，并试图分析一元化党政关系下权力集中不断强化的原因，进而就推进党政关系改革提出几点看法。论文分为四个部分。第一部分主要论述党政关系曲折发展的历史过程。当代中国党政关系自确立之初就具有极强的一元化特征，，也即执政党领导的一元化。伴随着历次大规模社会政治运动，一元化党政关系不断得以强化，其消极影响不断凸显。十一届三中全会以后，一元化党政关系进入改革阶段。第二部分描述了党政关系的现实状况。本文认为，从总体上看，党的领导与权力集中是当代中国党政关系的两个基本特点。与此相适应，党政之间建立了以小组为核心的工作机制，党政互动更多地呈现出“党”对“政”的单向命令方式。第三部分着重探讨了影响党政关系确立与演变的几点原因。本文认为，集权主义的政治传统、革命经验的强大惯性、计划经济体制的选择、社会结构的固化，都成为了一元化党政关系得以发展演变的特定原因。第四部分指出了权力过分集中是一元化党政关系的主要问题，提出了理顺党政关系，解决权力过分集中的几点措施。本文认为，一元化党政关系曾经在中国革命、建设过程中发挥了重要作用。但在新的时空背景下，一元化党政关系的边际效益迅速递减。因而必须进一步理顺党政关系，解决权力过分集中的问题。
[Abstract]:The relationship between the party and the government is an important part of the reform of the contemporary Chinese political system. In this paper, the author tries to analyze the reasons why the power centralization is constantly strengthened under the unitization of the relationship between the Party and the government from the two perspectives of history and present situation, and then puts forward some views on the promotion of the reform of the relationship between the party and the government. The paper is divided into four parts. The first part mainly discusses the historical process of the tortuous development of the relationship between the party and the government. The relationship between the Party and the government in contemporary China has a strong monistic characteristic since its establishment, that is, the centralization of the leadership of the ruling party. With the large-scale social and political movements, the unified relationship between the party and government has been strengthened, and its negative impact has been highlighted. After the third Plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the unitary relationship between the party and government entered the reform stage. The second part describes the reality of the relationship between the party and government. This paper holds that, on the whole, the leadership and power concentration of the Party are the two basic characteristics of the relationship between the Party and the government in contemporary China. In accordance with this, the party and government set up the working mechanism with the group as the core, and the interaction between the party and the government showed the one-way command of "party" and "government". The third part mainly discusses the reasons that influence the establishment and evolution of the relationship between the Party and the government. This paper holds that the political tradition of centralism, the strong inertia of revolutionary experience, the choice of planned economic system and the solidification of social structure have all become the specific reasons for the development and evolution of the unified party-government relationship. The fourth part points out that excessive concentration of power is the main problem of unifying the relationship between the Party and the government, and puts forward some measures to straighten out the relationship between the Party and the government and to solve the problem of excessive concentration of power. This paper holds that the monistic relationship between the Party and the government has played an important role in the process of Chinese revolution and construction. But in the new time-space background, the marginal benefit of the unified party-government relations decreases rapidly. Therefore, we must further straighten out the relationship between the Party and the government and solve the problem of excessive concentration of power.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D25

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