列宁工会建设思想研究

发布时间：2018-10-05 14:05

【摘要】：列宁工会建设思想是马克思主义工会学的重要组成部分。它全面继承和发展了马克思、恩格斯关于资本主义时期的工会理论,同时结合俄国实践,开创了社会主义时期工会理论的先河。无产阶级革命时期,列宁提出,俄国工会是无产阶级政党进行革命活动的基地、据点和支柱,要使俄国工会运动克服“工联主义”侵蚀、与党并肩为无产阶级革命胜利奋斗,必须坚持“灌输论”,确立党对工会的领导关系,使科学社会主义理论成为团结和增强无产阶级革命力量的思想基础。苏维埃社会主义政权建立之初,列宁提出了利用工会实现人民管理国家的思想。他认为,从工会在实现人民管理国家的地位上看,由于在社会主义条件下,工会必将发展成为包括农民在内的全体劳动群众的无产阶级组织,因此,工会是实现人民管理国家最佳方式——人民自治的主要载体,“工会国家化”是实现人民管理国家的主要途径；从工会在实现人民管理国家的作用上看,工会承担着教会和增强工人群众管理技能的教育职能,工会建设与人民管理国家的实现息息相关。在社会主义时期工会理论体系的建设上,列宁主要以“工会问题争论”和“新经济政策”两大历史实践为基础,初步探索和总结了工会的地位和作用。首先,他论证了工会在社会主义条件下存在的必然性和矛盾处境。其次,提出了社会主义时期工会具有双重属性和双重任务理论,即工会具有共产主义学校的教育属性,使其承担着教会群众做管理工作的教育任务；工会具有工人阶级组织和群众组织相统一性质,使其承担着维护无产阶级利益的保护任务。再次,列宁认为,工会可以帮助党密切联系群众、实施国家监督和反对官僚主义,从而是国家政权的最亲密和不可缺少的合作者,对巩固国家政权具有政治合作作用；工会具有“两种保护”和“维权”职能,对工人群众具有物质利益保护作用；工会既是工人群众的“代表者”,又是工人群众与国家机关和企业之间的“调解者”,对社会主义内部矛盾具有冲突调解作用；因此,列宁社会主义时期工会理论的核心内容是坚持党对工会的领导,实现党和工会的紧密合作,充分发挥工会强大的社会整合作用。最后,提出了在社会主义进程中不断加强工会思想、组织和作风建设的主要内容和途径理论。列宁工会建设思想既有理论建树又有应用实践,全面正确认识这一思想及其实践的经验与教训,是探索和构建马克思主义工会学在当代中国发展的新阶段——中国特色社会主义工会理论的重要思想源泉。
[Abstract]:Lenin's thought of trade union construction is an important part of Marxist trade union theory. It inherits and develops the trade union theory of Marx and Engels in the capitalist period in an all-round way, and at the same time, combined with the practice of Russia, it creates the forerunner of the trade union theory in the socialist period. During the proletarian revolution, Lenin put forward that the Russian trade union was the base, stronghold and pillar of the revolutionary activities of the proletarian political parties. It was necessary to enable the Russian trade union movement to overcome the erosion of "trade union doctrine" and to work side by side with the party for the victory of the proletarian revolution. We must adhere to the "indoctrination theory", establish the leading relationship between the Party and the trade union, and make the scientific socialist theory the ideological basis for uniting and strengthening the proletarian revolutionary force. At the beginning of the establishment of the Soviet Socialist regime, Lenin put forward the idea of using trade unions to realize the people's management of the country. He believed that from the perspective of the status of trade unions in the realization of the people's management of the country, under socialist conditions, trade unions would certainly develop into proletarian organizations for all the working masses, including the peasants. The trade union is the best way to realize the people's management of the country-the main carrier of the people's autonomy, and the "nationalization of the trade union" is the main way to realize the people's management of the country, and from the perspective of the role of the trade union in the realization of the people's management of the country, The trade union undertakes the educational function of church and strengthening the management skills of the workers. Trade union construction is closely related to the realization of the people's management of the country. In the construction of the trade union theory system in the socialist period, Lenin primarily explored and summarized the position and function of the trade union on the basis of the two historical practices of "trade union dispute" and "new economic policy". First, he demonstrated the inevitability and contradiction of trade unions under socialist conditions. Secondly, it puts forward the theory that trade unions have dual attributes and dual tasks in socialist period, that is, trade unions have the educational attributes of communist schools, which make them undertake the educational tasks of teaching the masses to do management work. Trade unions have unified nature of working class organization and mass organization, which make them assume the task of protecting proletarian interests. Thirdly, Lenin believed that the trade union could help the Party to keep in close touch with the masses, implement state supervision and oppose bureaucracy, thus it was the closest and indispensable cooperator of the state power, and had the political cooperation function to consolidate the state power. The trade union has the functions of "two kinds of protection" and "protecting rights", and it has the function of protecting the material interests of the masses of workers, and the trade union is not only the "representative" of the masses of workers, but also the "mediator" between the masses of workers and state organs and enterprises. Therefore, the core content of Lenin's trade union theory during the socialist period is to adhere to the Party's leadership over the trade union, to realize the close cooperation between the party and the trade union, and to give full play to the strong social integration role of the trade union. Finally, the paper puts forward the main content and approach theory of strengthening the trade union thought, organization and style construction in the socialist process. Lenin's trade union construction thought has both theory construction and practical practice, and fully and correctly understands this thought and its practical experience and lessons. It is an important ideological source for exploring and constructing the theory of socialist trade union with Chinese characteristics in the new stage of the development of Marxist trade union theory in contemporary China.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A821;D410

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