毛泽东的《矛盾论》及其对构建社会主义和谐社会的启示

发布时间：2018-11-12 18:02

【摘要】：毛泽东的《矛盾论》与《实践论》一样都是为了解决中国革命的紧迫问题而写作的。它是从哲学高度对中国革命经验教训的理性反思和深刻总结,毛泽东研究的辩证法,其现实目的是服务于对中国社会的根本改造。百态纷呈的中国社会矛盾,为《矛盾论》的写作提供了丰富的思想资料,认识并解决中国社会矛盾的迫切需要则是《矛盾论》写作的巨大动力。《矛盾论》第一次完整、系统的发展了马克思主义的矛盾学说,对矛盾的普遍性和特殊性及其辩证关系,对矛盾的同一性斗争性及其辩证关系都进行了系统的阐述,《矛盾论》对中国的革命事业发挥了巨大的指导作用,它为党在抗日战争时期、解放战争时期和社会主义改造和建设时期的一系列正确的方针政策的制定和执行奠定了理论基础。社会主义革命和建设事业,既是前无古人的伟大事业,又是多重矛盾交叉、异常复杂的系统工程。这一特点就决定了社会主义是一项优越性、艰巨性、复杂性并存的事业,正确认识进而妥善解决社会主义时期的各种矛盾,在矛盾的不断揭露和不断解决的过程中把社会主义推向前进,变成了问题的关键。在新的历史时期,《矛盾论》对构建社会主义和谐社会具有重大的意义,和谐社会充满着矛盾,它的实现是一个过程。矛盾是事物的普遍法则。处在社会主义初级阶段的我国社会也不例外。如果说在毛泽东的年代由于过分强调“以阶级斗争为纲”(尽管在一定阶段是必要的)给我们造成极大损失的话,那么,在以经济建设为中心的今天则应以和谐的基本理念和方法论来治国理政。要认真研究和谐的理论基础和具体方法,但绝不能从一个极端走到另一个极端,无视现实中的矛盾和问题。国内外正在发生着的一切都令我们从盲目崇奉和谐理想走向理智清醒,脚踏实地化解诸多不和谐的因素。否则,将是对人们的善良愿望的极大嘲讽。人类思想史上的“大同社会”、空想社会主义等致命缺陷不应被忘记。现阶段我国主要的矛盾集中表现为人民内部的利益矛盾,只有解决了利益矛盾,形成相对合理的利益格局,才能真正实现社会主义和谐社会的目标。
[Abstract]:Mao Zedong's contradiction Theory and practice Theory are all written to solve the urgent problems of the Chinese revolution. It is a rational reflection and a profound summary of the experience and lessons of Chinese revolution from the philosophical perspective, and the dialectics of Mao Zedong's study is intended to serve the fundamental transformation of Chinese society. The numerous social contradictions in China have provided abundant ideological materials for the writing of "contradiction Theory", and the urgent need to understand and solve the social contradictions in China is the great motive force for the writing of "contradiction Theory". "contradiction Theory" is complete for the first time. The systematic development of Marxist contradiction theory, the contradiction of the universality and particularity and its dialectical relationship, the identity of the contradiction and its dialectical relations are systematically expounded. The "contradiction Theory" has played a great guiding role in China's revolutionary cause, and it has served the Party during the War of Resistance against Japan. The formulation and implementation of a series of correct principles and policies during the War of Liberation and the period of socialist transformation and construction laid a theoretical foundation. The cause of socialist revolution and construction is not only a great cause, but also a complicated system engineering. This characteristic determines that socialism is a cause of superiority, difficulty and complexity, and that we should correctly understand and properly solve the various contradictions in the socialist period. The key to the problem is to push socialism forward in the process of unceasing disclosing and resolving contradictions. In the new historical period, contradiction theory is of great significance to the construction of socialist harmonious society, which is full of contradictions and its realization is a process. Contradiction is the universal law of things. Our society at the primary stage of socialism is no exception. If in Mao Zedong's time there was too much emphasis on "taking class struggle as the outline" (although it was necessary at a certain stage), it would have caused us great losses. In the economic construction as the center today, we should take the harmonious basic idea and methodology to govern the country and manage the government. We should study the theoretical basis and concrete methods of harmony seriously, but we must not go from one extreme to the other, ignoring the contradictions and problems in reality. What is happening at home and abroad makes us from blindly worship the ideal of harmony to rational and sober, down-to-earth to resolve many factors of disharmony. Otherwise, it would be a great mockery of people's good wishes. The fatal defects in the history of human thought, such as Datong Society and utopian Socialism, should not be forgotten. At the present stage, the main contradictions in our country are concentrated in the interests of the people. Only by solving the conflicts of interests and forming a relatively reasonable pattern of interests can we truly realize the goal of a harmonious socialist society.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A841;D61

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