论马克思的人本思想

发布时间：2019-01-14 07:25

【摘要】：西方文化中蕴含着浓厚的人本主义思想传统,这一传统从古希腊人文主义思想开始,历经欧洲文艺复兴运动时期的人文主义、18世纪法国启蒙运动时期的人道主义、19世纪法国空想社会主义的追求以及费尔巴哈本体论意义上的人本主义。在不同时期,人们对人本主义思想的认识也是处在不断变化和发展的过程之中。但是,西方传统人本思想并没有从现实的个体的人出发,而仅仅是从抽象的人出发来研究关于人的学说,而且也没有把现实的人放在社会关系和实践活动中考察,这样无法科学地阐释关于人的存在、人的本质、人的自由和全面发展理论。马克思在批判继承西方传统人本主义思想的基础上,形成了彻底的、真正意义上的、具有实践性、批判性和科学性的人本思想。本文主要是从四个方面来研究马克思的人本思想,包括马克思人本思想的理论来源、形成过程、基本蕴含及其特征、现实指导意义。马克思的人本思想是马克思主义哲学体系中的重要组成部分,这一思想的形成是与马克思个人的学习、工作、个性特征和人本主义精神密切相关的。我们可以从马克思的经典理论著作和实践活动中探索马克思的人本思想。马克思的人本思想超越了西方传统文化中的人本思想,马克思立足于现实的个体的人,运用实践唯物主义历史观的分析方法,科学阐释了关于人的学说,并找到了实现人的价值、人的尊严、人的自由与全面发展的途径和方法。本文最后将立足于我国仍处于社会主义初级阶段的现实国情,阐述马克思人本思想中国化的体现,即以人为本思想以及马克思的人本思想对我国社会主义建设和发展的重大理论指导意义和实践意义。
[Abstract]:The western culture contains a strong tradition of humanism, which began with the humanism of ancient Greece, experienced the humanism during the European Renaissance, and humanitarianism during the French Enlightenment in the 18th century. The pursuit of French utopian socialism in the 19 th century and the humanism in Feuerbach's ontological sense. In different periods, people's understanding of humanism is also in the process of constant change and development. However, the traditional western humanism does not start from the real individual, but only from the abstract person to study the theory of human, and also does not put the real people in the social relations and practical activities. It is impossible to scientifically explain the theory of human existence, human nature, human freedom and all-round development. On the basis of criticizing and inheriting the western traditional humanism, Marx formed a thorough, true, practical, critical and scientific humanistic thought. This paper mainly studies Marx's humanism from four aspects, including its theoretical origin, forming process, basic implication and its characteristics, practical guiding significance. The humanism thought of Marx is an important part of Marxist philosophy system. The formation of this thought is closely related to Marx's individual study, work, personality characteristics and humanism spirit. We can explore Marx's humanism from Marx's classical theoretical works and practical activities. Marx's humanism thought transcends the humanism thought in the western traditional culture, Marx bases on the realistic individual person, uses the analysis method of the historical view of practical materialism, explains the theory about the human scientifically. And found the way and method to realize human value, human dignity, human freedom and all-round development. In the end, this paper will base on the reality of our country which is still in the primary stage of socialism, and expound the embodiment of Marxist humanism in China. That is, the people-oriented thought and Marx's humanistic thought are of great theoretical and practical significance to the construction and development of socialism in China.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811

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