溅射法制备抗菌丝织物及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-11-28 14:50

【摘要】：本文介绍了对丝织物进行抗菌整理的原因和现状及纳米银的性质和应用现状;分析了目前国内外在抗菌织物研究方面的主要方法,针对目前已有的制备纳米银抗菌织物方法的缺点,提出采用绿色环保的磁控溅射技术,在室温条件下,在丝织物基材表面沉积功能性纳米结构银镀层,实现纺织材料表面抗菌功能化。本课题采用磁控溅射表面沉积技术,在丝织物表面构建纳米银镀层,赋予其特殊的抗菌性能。论文主要探讨了溅射工艺参数(溅射功率,溅射压强和溅射时间)及放置时间对抗菌性能的影响。采用振荡烧瓶法,选择大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌为试验菌种,对不同溅射工艺参数及放置时间下的丝织物基纳米银薄膜样品进行抗菌性能测试。抗菌测试结果表明:溅射时间对丝织物上纳米结构银薄膜的抗菌性影响较大,当溅射时间为60s时,样品对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌已表现出了良好的抑制作用,抑菌率分别为99.30%和99.89%。但随着溅射时间的延长,抑菌率稍有下降。在一定膜厚下,随溅射功率的增大,抗菌性能略有下降。随着溅射压强的增加,样品的抗菌性能略有改善。当纳米银膜样品在空气中放置不同时间后,样品对大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌率有所下降。放置28天后,对大肠杆菌的抑菌率下降较明显,对金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌率保持在70%以上。论文同时对银镀层微观结构如镀层厚度、镀层颗粒结构、镀层的晶态结构和镀层的表面形貌等进行表征与分析,利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察薄膜的表面形态;借助原子力显微镜(AFM)分析了纳米银薄膜的形貌特征和粒径;采用X射线衍射(XRD)测试薄膜的晶态结构。SEM和AFM分析结果显示:随溅射时间的增加,纤维表面的纳米银颗粒逐渐增加,薄膜厚度也随之增加,膜的致密性、均匀性越来越好,表面积越来越大,纳米银粒子的平均粒径逐渐增大。XRD测试结果表明:在丝织物表面溅射的纳米银薄膜具有一定结晶结构。本论文采用剥离试验,研究溅射薄膜与丝织物基材间的界面结合牢度。在实验范围内,随溅射功率增加,Ag薄膜与基材间的结合牢度下降;随溅射压强增大、溅射时间的延长,Ag薄膜与基材间的结合牢度提高。最后对镀膜前后丝织物的断裂强力、透气性能及悬垂系数等进行测试。结果表明:溅射银膜后的丝织物的断裂强力有所下降;织物的透气性有一定程度的提高;织物的悬垂性稍有提高。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the reasons and present situation of antibacterial finishing of silk fabric, the properties and application status of nano-silver are introduced. The main research methods of antimicrobial fabrics at home and abroad are analyzed. Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing methods of preparing nano-silver antibacterial fabrics, a green and environmentally friendly magnetron sputtering technique is proposed at room temperature. Functional nano-structure silver coating was deposited on the surface of silk fabric to realize surface antibacterial functionalization of textile materials. In this paper, nano-silver coating was constructed on silk fabric by magnetron sputtering surface deposition technique, and gave it special antibacterial property. The effects of sputtering parameters (sputtering power, sputtering pressure and sputtering time) and placement time on antibacterial properties were discussed. By using oscillatory flask method, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were selected as experimental strains to test the antibacterial properties of silk-based silver film samples with different sputtering process parameters and storage time. The results of antimicrobial test showed that sputtering time had a great effect on the antibacterial properties of silver film on silk fabric. When the sputtering time was 60 s, the sample had a good inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The bacteriostatic rates were 99.30% and 99.89%, respectively. However, with the increase of sputtering time, the bacteriostasis rate decreased slightly. With the increase of sputtering power, the antimicrobial properties of the films decreased slightly at a certain film thickness. With the increase of sputtering pressure, the antibacterial properties of the samples improved slightly. When the nanoscale silver film was placed in air for different time, the bacteriostasis rate of the sample to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus decreased. After 28 days of storage, the bacteriostatic rate of Escherichia coli decreased significantly, and the bacteriostatic rate of Staphylococcus aureus remained above 70%. At the same time, the microstructure of silver coating such as coating thickness, coating particle structure, crystal structure and surface morphology of the coating were characterized and analyzed. The surface morphology of the film was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The morphology and particle size of silver nanocrystalline films were analyzed by atomic force microscope (AFM) (AFM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) (XRD) was used to measure the crystalline structure of the films. The results of SEM and AFM analysis showed that with the increase of sputtering time, the silver nanoparticles on the fiber surface increased gradually, the thickness of the films also increased, and the film became compact. The average particle size of silver nanoparticles gradually increased with the increasing uniformity and surface area. The XRD results showed that the nano-silver films sputtered on the surface of silk fabrics had a certain crystalline structure. In this paper, the interfacial bonding fastness between sputtering film and silk fabric substrate was studied by peeling test. In the experimental range, the bonding fastness between Ag film and substrate decreases with the increase of sputtering power, and the fastness between Ag film and substrate increases with the increase of sputtering pressure and sputtering time. Finally, the breaking strength, air permeability and drape coefficient of silk fabric before and after coating were tested. The results show that the breaking strength of silk fabric after sputtering silver film is decreased, the permeability of fabric is improved to some extent, and the drape property of fabric is slightly improved.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：TS195.58

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