近代之前流动人口入籍制度考察

发布时间：2018-05-04 04:25

本文选题：流动人口 + 入籍　；参考：《山东社会科学》2013年12期

【摘要】：本文着重对近代之前流动人口入籍制度进行考察。根据本研究,近代之前流动人口入籍制度分为三类,即社会秩序正常、稳定状态下的入籍制度(有条件入籍制度),社会秩序重建、经济恢复时期的入籍制度(无限制入籍制度),流民聚集难以扭转时期让步入籍制度。在第一种情况下,政府对居住年久、置有产业以及有家室的流民,甚至逃户,多允许或主张其入籍,成为新的赋役人口。而对无产业、单身或行动不定者,则采取措施促使其回籍。第二种情况下,政府的首要任务是安辑流民、恢复经济,因而对其选择返乡还是在现居地入籍不作限制。第三种情况下,流民大规模涌入某一地区,并获得比较稳定的生存条件,政府试图将其驱回原籍,却遭到抵制,或驱而复返,政府不得不改变策略,允许其在当地入籍,以缓和官民矛盾。传统时代流动人口入籍政策具有刚柔相济特征,"刚"表现为政府尽可能限制民众离开家乡户籍体系,"柔"则为有条件允许流动人口在谋生地区入籍,户籍制度的僵化程度有所降低。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the naturalization system of floating population before modern times. According to this study, the naturalization system of floating population before modern times can be divided into three categories, that is, the naturalization system under normal social order and stable state (conditional naturalization system, social order reconstruction). In the period of economic recovery, the naturalization system (unrestricted naturalization system) is difficult to reverse. In the first case, the government allowed or advocated the naturalization of the displaced persons who lived for a long time, had property and had families, or even fled, and became the new taxing population. For those without property, single or mobile, measures are taken to promote their return. In the second case, the government's primary task is to reclaim the displaced and restore the economy, so there are no restrictions on whether they will return home or naturalize in their current place of residence. In the third case, the mass influx of displaced persons into a given area and their relatively stable living conditions, the Government's attempts to refoulement them to their places of origin were resisted, or forced to return, and the Government had to change its strategy to allow them to naturalize there, To ease the conflict between the government and the people. In the traditional times, the naturalization policy of floating population has the characteristic of being rigid and soft. "Gang" shows that the government restricts the people to leave the household registration system of their hometown as far as possible, and "soft" means that the floating population is allowed to naturalize in the areas where they earn a living. The degree of fossilization of the household registration system has been reduced.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“制度人口学”(批准号:04BRK0003)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K25;C92-09

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